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Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance02:40

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
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Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell types that...
Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells01:18

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A stem cell is an unspecialized cell that can divide without limit as needed and can, under specific conditions, differentiate into specialized cells.
Adult stem cells
Adult stem cells are tissue-specific; hence, they divide to develop the tissue from which they originate. One type of adult stem cell is the epithelial stem cell, which gives rise to the keratinocytes in the multiple layers of epithelial cells in the epidermis of the skin. Adult bone marrow has three distinct types of stem cells:...
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Commitment is the  process whereby stem cells:
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Common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) are oligopotent cells that can differentiate into granulocytes and macrophages. Granulocytes and macrophages are essential for protecting the body against bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. They migrate from the bone marrow into the circulating blood to reach specific tissue sites where they differentiate and help in immune surveillance. However, they survive only for a few days and must be continuously made available to the organism to maintain a robust...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Flow Cytometry to Estimate Leukemia Stem Cells in Primary Acute Myeloid Leukemia and in Patient-derived-xenografts, at Diagnosis and Follow Up
09:01

Flow Cytometry to Estimate Leukemia Stem Cells in Primary Acute Myeloid Leukemia and in Patient-derived-xenografts, at Diagnosis and Follow Up

Published on: March 26, 2018

Chronic myeloid leukemia stem cells.

Edward Kavalerchik1, Daniel Goff, Catriona H M Jamieson

  • 1Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Moores Cancer Center, 3855 Health Science Rd, University of California -San Diego, CA 92093-0820, USA. ekavalerchik@ucsd.edu

Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology
|June 10, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) arises from genetic and epigenetic changes in hematopoietic stem cells. Leukemia stem cells (LSCs) persist despite targeted therapy, necessitating combination treatments to prevent relapse.

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Comprehensive Protocol to Sample and Process Bone Marrow for Measuring Measurable Residual Disease and Leukemic Stem Cells in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
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Comprehensive Protocol to Sample and Process Bone Marrow for Measuring Measurable Residual Disease and Leukemic Stem Cells in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
09:57

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Published on: March 5, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a hematopoietic stem cell malignancy initiated by the BCR-ABL oncoprotein.
  • CML serves as a model for understanding cancer development and targeted therapy.
  • Leukemia stem cells (LSCs) drive CML, evading therapies targeting rapidly dividing cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the molecular mechanisms underlying CML pathogenesis.
  • To understand the persistence of leukemia stem cells (LSCs) in CML.
  • To identify strategies for overcoming therapeutic resistance in CML.

Main Methods:

  • Review of molecular events in CML pathogenesis.
  • Analysis of epigenetic and genetic alterations in LSCs.
  • Evaluation of current therapeutic strategies and their limitations.

Main Results:

  • BCR-ABL fusion protein is essential for CML initiation.
  • LSCs possess unique properties enabling survival and self-renewal.
  • LSCs are resistant to conventional therapies targeting rapidly proliferating cells.

Conclusions:

  • Targeted therapies like tyrosine kinase inhibitors control chronic phase CML but not LSCs.
  • Persistent LSCs are responsible for disease relapse and resistance.
  • Combined therapeutic approaches targeting LSC-specific vulnerabilities are crucial for durable CML remission.