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Related Concept Videos

Hyperglycemia01:29

Hyperglycemia

Hyperglycemia is an abnormally high blood glucose level. It is diagnosed by fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL, 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (or OGTT) ≥200 mg/dL, random glucose ≥200 mg/dL with symptoms, or HbA1c ≥6.5%. However, HbA1c results may be unreliable in certain conditions, such as anemia or hemoglobinopathies, and the diagnosis should be confirmed unless classic symptoms are present. Postprandial hyperglycemia is typically considered significant when glucose levels exceed 180 mg/dL two...
Type II Diabetes Mellitus III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis01:25

Type II Diabetes Mellitus III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis

Type 2 diabetes mellitus develops gradually and is often asymptomatic in early stages.Clinical ManifestationsWhen symptoms appear, they include fatigue, blurred vision, pruritus, delayed wound healing, and recurrent infections, particularly candidal infections. Peripheral neuropathy may present as numbness or tingling in the extremities. Classic hyperglycemia symptoms—polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia—are less common. Most patients are overweight and frequently have associated hypertension...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Extracellular Glucose Depletion as an Indirect Measure of Glucose Uptake in Cells and Tissues Ex Vivo
10:35

Extracellular Glucose Depletion as an Indirect Measure of Glucose Uptake in Cells and Tissues Ex Vivo

Published on: April 6, 2022

Translating the A1C assay into estimated average glucose values.

David M Nathan1, Judith Kuenen, Rikke Borg

  • 1Diabetes Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. dnathan@partners.org

Diabetes Care
|June 10, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Glycated hemoglobin (A1C) can be converted to estimated average glucose (eAG) for better diabetes management. This conversion provides a clearer picture of blood glucose control in patients with diabetes.

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FIBS-enabled Noninvasive Metabolic Profiling
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FIBS-enabled Noninvasive Metabolic Profiling

Published on: February 3, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Extracellular Glucose Depletion as an Indirect Measure of Glucose Uptake in Cells and Tissues Ex Vivo
10:35

Extracellular Glucose Depletion as an Indirect Measure of Glucose Uptake in Cells and Tissues Ex Vivo

Published on: April 6, 2022

FIBS-enabled Noninvasive Metabolic Profiling
09:16

FIBS-enabled Noninvasive Metabolic Profiling

Published on: February 3, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Clinical Chemistry
  • Diabetes Research

Background:

  • Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) measures long-term glycemic control.
  • Daily glucose monitoring guides immediate diabetes management.
  • A need exists to correlate these two measures for comprehensive patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a mathematical relationship between HbA1C and average glucose (AG).
  • To determine if HbA1C can be reported as AG in familiar self-monitoring units.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 507 subjects (type 1, type 2 diabetes, and non-diabetics) from 10 international centers.
  • Comparison of central lab HbA1C (3-month) with AG (previous 3 months).
  • AG calculated from continuous glucose monitoring and daily self-monitoring data.

Main Results:

  • Linear regression revealed a strong correlation between HbA1C and AG (R² = 0.84).
  • Developed equation: AG(mg/dl) = 28.7 x HbA1C - 46.7.
  • No significant differences in regression across demographic or clinical subgroups.

Conclusions:

  • HbA1C values can be reliably expressed as estimated average glucose (eAG).
  • This conversion aids in understanding and managing diabetes for most patients.