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Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

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PathophysiologyType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM ) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and progressive pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, leading to impaired glucose homeostasis. It results from interactions among genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and metabolic stressors, such as overnutrition and a sedentary lifestyle.Insulin Resistance and Glucose DysregulationEarly T2DM involves insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and the liver.

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Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Characterization of Metabolic Status in Nonhuman Primates with the Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Test

Characterization of Metabolic Status in Nonhuman Primates with the Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Test

Published on: November 13, 2016

[Postprandial metabolic disorder].

¹Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, the Jikei University School of Medicine.

Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine

|June 11, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Postprandial metabolic disorders, marked by high blood sugar and lipids after meals, are key risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Understanding and managing these conditions, especially in early type 2 diabetes, is crucial for prevention.

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Last Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Characterization of Metabolic Status in Nonhuman Primates with the Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Test

Characterization of Metabolic Status in Nonhuman Primates with the Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Test

Published on: November 13, 2016

Area of Science:

Metabolic disorders
Cardiovascular disease research
Endocrinology

Background:

Atherosclerotic diseases and myocardial infarction incidence are rising globally.
Postprandial metabolic disorders, including hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia, are emerging cardiovascular disease risk factors.
Visceral fat accumulation, insulin resistance, and diminished early insulin response are underlying pathological conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

To discuss the evaluation, prevention, and treatment of postprandial metabolic disorders.
To highlight the significance of postprandial metabolic disorders as an early therapeutic target for cardiovascular disease prevention.
To explore the link between early type 2 diabetes, postprandial hyperglycemia, and lipid metabolism.

Main Methods:

Literature review on postprandial metabolic disorders.
Analysis of pathological implications in cardiovascular disease.
Discussion of therapeutic strategies for metabolic and cardiovascular health.

Main Results:

Postprandial hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia are recognized cardiovascular disease risks.
Decreased early insulin response and delayed, excessive insulin secretion (postprandial hyperinsulinemia) characterize early type 2 diabetes.
Postprandial lipid metabolic disorders often complicate early type 2 diabetes.

Conclusions:

Postprandial metabolic disorders represent a critical area for early intervention in cardiovascular disease prevention.
Effective evaluation and management strategies are needed to address these conditions.
Targeting postprandial metabolic disorders can mitigate risks associated with atherosclerosis.