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Related Concept Videos

Implicit Memories01:24

Implicit Memories

Implicit memories, also known as non-declarative memories, are long-term memories that function outside of conscious awareness. These memories influence behavior and skills without explicit knowledge. This type of memory is evident in tasks like playing tennis, snowboarding, and texting. Implicit memory has three subsystems: procedural memory, conditioning, and priming. This type of memory is essential in various activities, from everyday tasks to specialized skills.
One key aspect of implicit...
Traumatic Memory01:20

Traumatic Memory

Emotionally traumatic events often lead to memories that are exceptionally vivid and enduring, sometimes persisting with remarkable clarity throughout an individual's life. A classic example of this phenomenon is a person who survives a car accident. Even years later, they may recall every detail of the event with startling accuracy — the screeching of the tires, the jarring impact, and the acrid smell of burning rubber. Such vividness contrasts sharply with how an individual remembers mundane...
Repressed Memory01:16

Repressed Memory

Repressed memories are a psychological phenomenon where memories of traumatic events are unconsciously blocked from a person's awareness. This process occurs as a defense mechanism, protecting the mind from the emotional impact of distressing or painful experiences. For example, a person who has experienced childhood trauma may grow up with no conscious recollection of the event. In such cases, the memories are thought to be buried deep within the subconscious, inaccessible to the conscious...
Bullying02:04

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A modern form of aggression is bullying. As you learn in your study of child development, socializing and playing with other children is beneficial for children’s psychological development. However, as you may have experienced as a child, not all play behavior has positive outcomes. Some children are aggressive and want to play roughly. Other children are selfish and do not want to share toys. One form of negative social interactions among children that has become a national concern is bullying.
Eyewitness Memory01:22

Eyewitness Memory

Eyewitness memory refers to the recollection of events by someone who has directly witnessed them, often serving as critical evidence in legal settings. This type of memory is commonly used in criminal cases where a witness describes details like a suspect's appearance, clothing, or behavior during a crime. However, despite its perceived reliability, eyewitness memory is prone to significant errors.
One such error is memory distortion, which occurs because human memory does not function like a...
Role of Amygdala in Memory01:16

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The amygdala is a small, almond-shaped structure responsible for processing and storing memories, particularly those linked to emotions like fear and stress. It plays an essential role in the brain's response to emotionally significant events and often enhances memory formation by triggering stress hormone release. The amygdala is vital for encoding and retrieving memories associated with fear or stress, a process that is adaptive by helping organisms avoid dangerous situations.
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Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm
06:35

Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm

Published on: April 28, 2016

Intimate partner violence and preschoolers' explicit memory functioning.

Ernest N Jouriles1, Alan S Brown1, Renee McDonald1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Southern Methodist University.

Journal of Family Psychology : JFP : Journal of the Division of Family Psychology of the American Psychological Association (Division 43)
|June 11, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Intimate partner physical violence (IPV) negatively impacts preschoolers' explicit memory. However, mothers' positive parenting can lessen this harmful effect on children's memory development.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Child Psychology
  • Family Studies

Background:

  • Intimate partner physical violence (IPV) exposure is linked to adverse child outcomes.
  • The impact of IPV on preschoolers' cognitive functions, specifically explicit memory, requires further investigation.
  • Understanding mediating and moderating factors is crucial for developing targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the relationship between parental IPV and preschoolers' explicit memory functioning.
  • To investigate whether children's hyperarousal symptoms mediate this relationship.
  • To determine if mothers' positive parenting moderates the impact of IPV on children's memory.

Main Methods:

  • 69 mothers and their 4- or 5-year-old children participated.
  • Mothers reported on IPV, child hyperarousal, and parenting styles (positive parenting, parent-child aggression).
  • Preschoolers completed explicit memory functioning tasks.

Main Results:

  • IPV was negatively correlated with preschoolers' explicit memory performance, even after controlling for covariates.
  • Children's hyperarousal symptoms did not mediate the IPV-memory relationship.
  • Mothers' positive parenting significantly moderated the negative impact of IPV on 2 out of 3 explicit memory tasks.

Conclusions:

  • Parental IPV negatively affects preschoolers' explicit memory functioning.
  • Mothers' positive parenting acts as a protective factor, mitigating the adverse effects of IPV on children's memory.
  • Findings highlight the importance of supporting positive parenting in families exposed to IPV to promote child cognitive development.