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Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Enrichment of Native and Recombinant Extracellular Vesicles of Mycobacteria
Published on: December 8, 2023
Bacterial genome variability and its impact on vaccine design
1Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics Srl, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy. john.telford@novartis.com
Abstract:
The majority of currently available successful vaccines induce host responses against antigens that are highly conserved in the targeted pathogens. The diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis vaccines confer protection by inducing neutralizing antibodies to the conserved bacterial toxins that are the major virulence factors. The Hemophilus influenzae B vaccine induces responses to conserved epitopes in the sugar structure of the bacterial capsular polysaccharide. However, the efficacy of more recently developed vaccines is limited by antigen variation, which also presents a challenge for future vaccine development. This review will explore bacterial genome variability and its impact on vaccine development.
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