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Related Concept Videos

Spectrophotometry: Introduction01:16

Spectrophotometry: Introduction

Spectrophotometry is the quantitative measurement of the absorption, reflection, diffraction, or transmission of electromagnetic radiation through a material as a function of the intensity and wavelength of the radiation. A spectrophotometer is a device used to measure the change in the radiation intensity caused by its interaction with the material.
The essential components of a spectrophotometer include a source of electromagnetic radiation, a slot for placing a material to be analyzed, and a...
UV–Vis Spectrometers01:14

UV–Vis Spectrometers

The absorbance of UV and visible (UV–visible) radiations is measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Deuterium lamps, which emit UV radiation, and tungsten lamps, which produce radiation in the visible region, are used as light sources in UV–visible spectrophotometers. A monochromator or prism is used for diffraction grating, i.e., to split the incoming radiation into different wavelengths. A system of slits is used to focus the desired wavelength on the sample cell. Samples for...
IR Spectrometers01:25

IR Spectrometers

There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview

Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...
Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy  (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used.
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab01:29

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab

AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...

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ARL Spectral Fitting as an Application to Augment Spectral Data via Franck-Condon Lineshape Analysis and Color Analysis
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On the estimation of target spectrum for filter-array based spectrometers.

Cheng-Chun Chang1, Heung-No Lee

  • 1Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, USA. chc55@pitt.edu

Optics Express
|June 11, 2008
PubMed
Summary

We demonstrate a compact, low-cost spectrometer on-a-chip using a basic filter-array enhanced by digital signal processing. This approach enables accurate spectrum recovery, making miniature spectrometers more accessible for various applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • Digital Signal Processing
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Miniature spectrometers are gaining attention for their diverse applications.
  • Existing miniature spectrometers often face limitations in performance or cost.
  • Developing cost-effective, high-performance miniature spectrometers remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the feasibility of a fine spectrometer on-a-chip.
  • To utilize a low-performance, low-cost filter-array for spectral analysis.
  • To enhance spectral recovery using digital signal processing techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Augmenting a low-quality filter-array with advanced digital signal processing.
  • Developing and applying a series of estimators for target spectrum recovery.
  • Employing a non-negative least-square algorithm, leveraging the non-negative nature of spectral data.

Main Results:

  • Successful spectrum recovery was achieved using the proposed digital signal processing methods.
  • The non-negative least-square algorithm proved effective for spectral reconstruction.
  • A hardware implementation verified the practical achievability of the concept.

Conclusions:

  • A high-performance spectrometer on-a-chip is achievable using low-cost components.
  • Digital signal processing significantly enhances the capabilities of basic filter-arrays.
  • This work paves the way for more accessible and versatile miniature spectrometer technology.