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Dielectric Polarization in a Capacitor

The presence of a dielectric medium in a capacitor not only changes the voltage and capacitance but also affects the electric field. In general, dielectrics can be of two types: polar and nonpolar. In a polar dielectric, the positive and negative charges in the molecules are separated by a distance and hence have a permanent dipole moment. In contrast, no such charge separation exists in a nonpolar dielectric, however the nonpolar molecules get polarized in the presence of an external electric...
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Characterization of SiN Integrated Optical Phased Arrays on a Wafer-Scale Test Station
05:57

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Published on: April 1, 2020

Polarization rotator based on silicon wire waveguides.

Hiroshi Fukuda1, Koji Yamada, Tai Tsuchizawa

  • 1NTT Microsystem Integration Laboratories, 3-1, Morinosato-Wakamiya, Atsugi-Shi, Kanagawa, Japan. hfukuda@aecl.ntt.co.jp

Optics Express
|June 11, 2008
PubMed
Summary

We developed a simple silicon wire waveguide polarization rotator. This device achieves a 72-degree rotation with good extinction ratio, advancing integrated optics.

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics and Optical Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Integrated optical circuits require efficient polarization control.
  • Existing polarization rotators often involve complex fabrication processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a polarization rotator using silicon wire waveguides.
  • To achieve polarization rotation with high extinction ratio and low loss using planar fabrication.

Main Methods:

  • Design and fabrication of an off-axis double-core structure waveguide.
  • Utilizing silicon wire and silicon-oxinitride waveguides.
  • Employing standard planar fabrication technology.

Main Results:

  • A 35-microm long rotator achieved a 72-degree polarization rotation.
  • Demonstrated a polarization extinction ratio of 11 dB.
  • Achieved an excess loss of approximately 1 dB.

Conclusions:

  • The developed polarization rotator is compatible with planar fabrication.
  • Represents a significant advancement for polarization diversity optical circuits based on silicon wire waveguides.