Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Cell-free Biochemical Fluorometric Enzymatic Assay for High-throughput Measurement of Lipid Peroxidation in High Density Lipoprotein
07:29

Cell-free Biochemical Fluorometric Enzymatic Assay for High-throughput Measurement of Lipid Peroxidation in High Density Lipoprotein

Published on: October 12, 2017

Prevalence of dyslipidemia and dysglycaemia in HIV infected patients

E M Manuthu1, M D Joshi, G N Lule

  • 1Department of Clinical Medicine and Therapeutics, College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.

East African Medical Journal
|June 12, 2008
PubMed

Insights

Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is linked to dyslipidemia in HIV patients, with increased cholesterol and triglyceride levels. While HAART impacts lipid profiles, it does not significantly affect dysglycaemia.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Metabolic Disorders
  • Cardiovascular Health

Background:

  • Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has improved outcomes for individuals with HIV/AIDS.
  • Long-term HAART use is associated with metabolic complications, including dysglycaemia and dyslipidemia.
  • These metabolic changes raise concerns about accelerated cardiovascular disease risk in HIV-infected patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the period prevalence of dyslipidemia and dysglycaemia in HIV-infected patients.
  • To investigate the association between HAART use and metabolic abnormalities.
  • To assess cardiovascular disease risk factors in this population.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional comparative group study was conducted.
  • The study involved consecutive HIV-positive adult patients at a tertiary HIV out-patient facility.
  • Dyslipidemia and dysglycaemia were defined by specific lipid and glucose level criteria.

Main Results:

  • The overall prevalence of dyslipidemia was 63.1% and dysglycaemia was 20.7%.
  • Patients on HAART exhibited significantly higher total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels compared to HAART-naive patients.
  • Low HDL cholesterol was more prevalent in HAART-naive patients, and HAART showed no significant effect on dysglycaemia prevalence.

Conclusions:

  • HIV-infected patients exhibit a high prevalence of dyslipidemia.
  • HAART is associated with an atherogenic lipid profile, characterized by elevated total and LDL cholesterol and triglycerides.
  • HAART use did not appear to be associated with low HDL cholesterol or significantly impact dysglycaemia.
Abstract

More Related Videos

Measuring Frailty in HIV-infected Individuals. Identification of Frail Patients is the First Step to Amelioration and Reversal of Frailty05:53

Measuring Frailty in HIV-infected Individuals. Identification of Frail Patients is the First Step to Amelioration and Reversal of Frailty

Published on: July 24, 2013

Sequencing of Bacterial Microflora in Peripheral Blood: our Experience with HIV-infected Patients13:50

Sequencing of Bacterial Microflora in Peripheral Blood: our Experience with HIV-infected Patients

Published on: June 11, 2011

Related Concept Videos

Hyperglycemia01:29

Hyperglycemia

Hyperglycemia is an abnormally high blood glucose level. It is diagnosed by fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL, 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (or OGTT) ≥200 mg/dL, random glucose ≥200 mg/dL with symptoms, or HbA1c ≥6.5%. However, HbA1c results may be unreliable in certain conditions, such as anemia or hemoglobinopathies, and the diagnosis should be confirmed unless classic symptoms are present. Postprandial hyperglycemia is typically considered significant when glucose levels exceed 180 mg/dL two...
Type II Diabetes Mellitus III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis01:25

Type II Diabetes Mellitus III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis

Type 2 diabetes mellitus develops gradually and is often asymptomatic in early stages.Clinical ManifestationsWhen symptoms appear, they include fatigue, blurred vision, pruritus, delayed wound healing, and recurrent infections, particularly candidal infections. Peripheral neuropathy may present as numbness or tingling in the extremities. Classic hyperglycemia symptoms—polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia—are less common. Most patients are overweight and frequently have associated hypertension...
Hypoglycemia01:26

Hypoglycemia

Hypoglycemia is a blood glucose level below 70 mg/dL. It commonly occurs in individuals using insulin or insulin-secreting drugs, but may also arise in non-diabetic conditions. People with type 1 diabetes are at the highest risk because they depend on exogenous insulin. People with type 2 diabetes are also at risk, especially when treated with insulin or medications such as sulfonylureas, which increase insulin release regardless of blood glucose levels. It develops when insulin levels exceed...
Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
Hypoglycemia and Glucagon01:15

Hypoglycemia and Glucagon

Without prolonged fasting, healthy individuals maintain blood glucose levels above 3.5 mM due to a well-adapted neuroendocrine counterregulatory system that effectively prevents acute hypoglycemia, a potentially life-threatening condition. The primary clinical scenarios for hypoglycemia encompass diabetes treatment, inappropriate production of endogenous insulin or insulin-like substances by tumors, and the use of glucose-lowering agents in non-diabetic individuals. Notably, hypoglycemia in the...
Type I Diabetes III: Clinical Manifestations01:19

Type I Diabetes III: Clinical Manifestations

Type 1 diabetes mellitus typically presents with rapid-onset symptoms due to the body’s inability to utilize glucose in the absence of insulin. Since insulin is required for glucose uptake into cells, its deficiency leads to hyperglycemia and cellular energy deprivation, resulting in characteristic clinical features.Polyuria and PolydipsiaOne of the earliest, most prominent symptoms is polyuria (excessive urination). When blood glucose concentrations rise above the renal threshold, the kidneys...