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Updated: Jul 4, 2026

An Orthotopic Bladder Tumor Model and the Evaluation of Intravesical saRNA Treatment
Published on: July 28, 2012
Apaziquone for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: a critical review
J Alfred Witjes1, Prasad S Kolli
1Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Department of Urology (659), PO Box 9101, 6500 H.B Nijmegen, The Netherlands. F.Witjes@uro.umcn.nl
Objective:
To describe clinical needs in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and review the potential of apaziquone in this respect.
Methods:
Epidemiology and clinical practice in NMIBC, as well as new drugs and strategies are reviewed.
Results:
Bladder cancer is a heterogeneous and frequent disease. Clinical risk factors help in determining additional therapy after initial resection. However, current treatments have clear limitations with regard to efficacy and/or toxicity. New drugs and strategies have been tested recently and are in (pre)clinical use. Intravesical apaziquone (EOquin) is a new drug. It has theoretical advantages for intravesical use, has proven safety and is presently under further clinical evaluation.
Conclusion:
Apaziquone is a promising drug for intravesical use in patients with NMIBC.
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