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Avoiding stimulus confounds in Implicit Association Tests by using the concepts as stimuli.

Melanie C Steffens¹, Michael Kirschbaum, Petra Glados

¹Institut für Psychologie, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Germany. Melanie.steffens@uni-jena.de

The British Journal of Social Psychology

|June 14, 2008

Summary

The Concept Association Task (CAT) offers a novel approach to measuring implicit associations by using concepts as stimuli. This method demonstrates strong validity and provides clearer insights into attitudes compared to traditional Implicit Association Tests (IATs).

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Area of Science:

Social Psychology
Cognitive Psychology
Psychometric Methods

Background:

Implicit Association Tests (IATs) measure concept associations via reaction times under dual-task pressure.
Previous research indicates that stimulus properties, beyond concept associations, affect IAT effects.
Adequate stimulus selection for IATs remains an underexplored area.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce the Concept Association Task (CAT), a novel IAT variant using concepts or synonyms as stimuli.
To evaluate the convergent validity and utility of the CAT in measuring implicit attitudes.
To address limitations in stimulus selection found in traditional IAT methodologies.

Main Methods:

Developed the Concept Association Task (CAT) where concepts or their synonyms serve as stimuli.
Conducted three experiments assessing Germans' attitudes towards foreigners.
Compared CAT results with other IAT versions and spontaneous attitude-related judgments.

Main Results:

The CAT demonstrated strong convergent validity, correlating well with established IAT versions.
CAT showed higher correlations with spontaneous attitude judgments than other IATs.
CAT exhibited robust findings, particularly when other IAT versions yielded potentially distorted results.

Conclusions:

The Concept Association Task (CAT) is a valid and potentially more accurate measure of implicit associations.
Using concepts as stimuli in the CAT may overcome some limitations of traditional IAT stimulus selection.
The CAT offers a promising alternative for implicit attitude research, especially in cross-cultural contexts.