Musculoskeletal conditioning of the older athlete

A musculoskeletal conditioning program has been shown to result in physical benefits for older individuals. Exercise may influence the rate of bone loss, muscular strength and mass, flexibility, and endurance levels. In turn, these factors may influence the potential for possible future injury. Special precautions should be taken for the older population with emphasis on environmental factors, hydration, and underlying health issues such as cardiorespiratory and orthopedic problems. These concerns may require modifications of the exercise program.