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Yellow Fever

Yellow Fever

Yellow fever is a viral hemorrhagic disease caused by the yellow fever virus (YFV), a member of the Flaviviridae family. It is transmitted primarily by Aedes and Haemagogus mosquitoes in tropical and subtropical regions of Africa and South America. After transmission through a mosquito bite, the virus initially replicates in skin-resident immune cells such as dendritic cells and macrophages. These cells then migrate to the lymph nodes, where viral replication increases, eventually leading to...

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Before understanding the types and patterns of fever, it is essential to know its phases.

Toxoplasmosis

Toxoplasmosis

Toxoplasmosis, a zoonotic disease caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii, poses significant public health challenges globally due to its high seroprevalence and varied clinical manifestations. As an obligate intracellular parasite, T. gondii can infect all warm-blooded vertebrates, but felids are its only definitive hosts, shedding unsporulated oocysts into the environment. Humans typically acquire the infection through ingestion of tissue cysts in undercooked meat or oocysts from...

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The signs and symptoms of fever include hot and dry skin, flushed face, thirst, muscle aches, anorexia, headache, tachycardia, tachypnea, and fatigue. Elevated body temperature is reduced using two methods: pharmacological and nonpharmacological. Proper identification and treatment of the root cause of a fever is of utmost importance.
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Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Antigen-Capture Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Specific Detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Antigen-Capture Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Specific Detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Published on: February 24, 2023

[Q Fever in Tunisia].

N Kaabia¹, A Letaief

¹Service de médecine interne et maladies infectieuses, CHU Farhat-Hached, rue Mohamed-Karoui, 4000 Sousse, Tunisie. naoufelkaabia2001@yahoo.fr

Pathologie-Biologie

|June 17, 2008

Summary

Q fever, a zoonotic disease caused by Coxiella burnetii, is prevalent in Tunisia, often misdiagnosed despite high antibody presence. This review examines its unique epidemiology and clinical features in the region.

Area of Science:

Veterinary Medicine
Infectious Diseases
Public Health

Context:

Q fever is a widespread zoonotic disease caused by Coxiella burnetii.
Farm animals and pets are primary reservoirs, with human transmission via aerosol inhalation.
Infection can be asymptomatic, acute (flu-like, pneumonia, hepatitis), or chronic (endocarditis, hepatitis, chronic-fatigue syndrome).

Purpose:

To review the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of Q fever in Tunisia.
To highlight the discrepancy between high seroprevalence and low reported cases.
To address the frequent misdiagnosis of Q fever by physicians in Tunisia.

Summary:

Coxiella burnetii causes Q fever, a zoonotic disease with global distribution.
Tunisian blood donors show high anti-Coxiella burnetii prevalence, yet Q fever is underreported and often misdiagnosed.

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The Development of Lyophilized Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification Reagents for the Detection of Coxiella burnetii

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This review synthesizes the specific epidemiological and clinical aspects of Q fever within Tunisia.

Impact:

Enhances understanding of Q fever's presentation in a specific geographic region.
Aids clinicians in recognizing and diagnosing Q fever more accurately.
Informs public health strategies for managing zoonotic diseases in Tunisia.