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Related Concept Videos

Plasmids01:28

Plasmids

Plasmids are extrachromosomal DNA molecules found in bacteria, archaea, and some eukaryotic microbes like yeast. These small, circular DNA structures typically contain fewer than 30 genes, although some may exist linearly. Plasmids vary in their number within a cell, known as copy number. Single-copy plasmids are present in one copy per cell and multi-copy plasmids are present in multiple copies, reaching over 100 copies per cell.Plasmids usually replicate independently of the chromosomal DNA...
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Cell size is a significant factor impacting cellular design, function, and fitness. There exists some internal coordination by which cells double their masses before division, thus, achieving homeostasis. Coordination between cell growth and proliferation depends on the checkpoints in between cell cycle phases. Loss of coordination or failure in the checkpoint mechanism can drive the cell to uncontrolled growth and loss of cellular function. Like dividing cells that coordinate cellular growth,...
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DNA replication has three main steps: initiation, elongation, and termination. Replication in prokaryotes begins when initiator proteins bind to the single origin of replication (ori) on the cell's circular chromosome. Replication then proceeds around the entire circle of the chromosome in each direction from the two replication forks, resulting in two DNA molecules.
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Quantification of Plasmid-Mediated Antibiotic Resistance in an Experimental Evolution Approach
12:32

Quantification of Plasmid-Mediated Antibiotic Resistance in an Experimental Evolution Approach

Published on: December 14, 2019

Some consideration on plasmid number in a proliferating cell.

J Koizumi1, S Aiba

  • 1Department of Fermentation Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamada-oka, Suita-shi, Osaka, Japan 565.

Biotechnology and Bioengineering
|March 1, 1986
PubMed
Summary

This study visualizes plasmid number dynamics per cell, crucial for recombinant DNA technology. Understanding these dynamics helps predict gene dosage effects in host cells based on growth rates.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Plasmids are vital extrachromosomal genetic elements used in recombinant DNA technology.
  • Plasmid number per cell influences gene dosage effects, impacting biotechnological applications.
  • A clear understanding of plasmid dynamics is essential for optimizing genetic engineering strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a comprehensive overview of the dynamics of plasmid number per cell.
  • To correlate plasmid number fluctuations with the specific growth rate of host cells.
  • To provide a stochastic model for predicting plasmid behavior in biotechnological contexts.

Main Methods:

  • Stochastic modeling of plasmid replication and segregation.
  • Mathematical analysis of plasmid dynamics in relation to host cell growth.
  • Simulation of plasmid number distribution under varying growth conditions.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a direct relationship between host cell specific growth rate and average plasmid number per cell.
  • Characterized the stochastic distribution of plasmid numbers, showing variability even at constant growth rates.
  • Identified critical growth rate thresholds influencing plasmid stability and copy number.

Conclusions:

  • The dynamics of plasmid number per cell are significantly influenced by host cell growth rate.
  • Stochastic modeling provides a robust framework for understanding and predicting plasmid copy number variations.
  • This work offers a basis for optimizing gene dosage in recombinant systems by controlling host cell growth.