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Related Concept Videos

Gene Therapy00:59

Gene Therapy

Gene therapy is a technique where a gene is inserted into a person’s cells to prevent or treat a serious disease. The added gene may be a healthy version of the gene that is mutated in the patient, or it could be a different gene that inactivates or compensates for the patient’s disease-causing gene. For example, in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) due to a mutation in the gene for the enzyme adenosine deaminase, a functioning version of the gene can be inserted. The...
Gene Therapy00:59

Gene Therapy

Gene therapy is a technique where a gene is inserted into a person’s cells to prevent or treat a serious disease. The added gene may be a healthy version of the gene that is mutated in the patient, or it could be a different gene that inactivates or compensates for the patient’s disease-causing gene. For example, in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) due to a mutation in the gene for the enzyme adenosine deaminase, a functioning version of the gene can be inserted. The...
In-vitro Mutagenesis01:16

In-vitro Mutagenesis

To learn more about the function of a gene, researchers can observe what happens when the gene is inactivated or “knocked out,” by creating genetically engineered knockout animals. Knockout mice have been particularly useful as models for human diseases such as cancer, Parkinson’s disease, and diabetes.
Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Laser-assisted Lentiviral Gene Delivery to Mouse Fertilized Eggs
06:03

Laser-assisted Lentiviral Gene Delivery to Mouse Fertilized Eggs

Published on: November 1, 2018

Laser-based gene transfection and gene therapy.

C P Yao1, Z X Zhang, R Rahmanzadeh

  • 1The Institute of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiantong University, Xi'an, China. yaocuiping@hotmail.com

IEEE Transactions on Nanobioscience
|June 17, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Laser-assisted optoporation offers a versatile method for introducing substances into mammalian cells. This technique shows broad applicability across various cell types, overcoming limitations of existing transfection methods.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Biotechnology
  • Optical Engineering

Background:

  • Mammalian cell membranes can be temporarily permeabilized using optical methods.
  • This allows for the introduction of exogenous materials or genes into the cytoplasm of living cells.
  • Existing manipulation techniques include laser optoinjection, stress waves, photochemical internalization, and light-absorbing particle irradiation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advancements in laser-assisted cell transfection.
  • To analyze the advantages and disadvantages of four distinct laser-assisted transfection techniques.
  • To highlight the universality of laser-assisted optoporation across different cell lines.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on laser-assisted cell transfection methods.
  • Analysis of techniques including direct laser optoinjection, laser-induced stress waves, photochemical internalization, and targeted irradiation with light-absorbing particles.
  • Evaluation of universality and efficiency across various mammalian cell lines.

Main Results:

  • Significant progress has been made in laser-assisted cell transfection techniques.
  • Each method (optoinjection, stress waves, photochemical internalization, particle irradiation) presents unique advantages and disadvantages.
  • Laser-assisted optoporation demonstrates broad applicability to diverse cell lines.

Conclusions:

  • Laser-assisted optoporation is a promising technique for efficient gene and material delivery into cells.
  • Its key advantage lies in its universality, making it adaptable to a wide range of cell types.
  • This technique offers a significant improvement over existing cell transfection methods.