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Updated: Jul 4, 2026
Development and Validation of a Quantitative PCR Method for Equid Herpesvirus-2 Diagnostics in Respiratory Fluids
Published on: March 17, 2016
Identification of two distinct bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 genotypes
Paul Francis Horwood1, Jennifer Lillian Gravel1, Timothy John Mahony1
1Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries, Ritchie Building 64A, Level 3, C Wing, Research Road, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
Abstract:
The partial gene sequencing of the matrix (M) protein from seven clinical isolates of bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (BPIV-3), and the complete sequencing of a representative isolate (Q5592) was completed in this study. Nucleotide sequence analysis was initiated because of the failure of in-house BPIV-3 RT-PCR methods to yield expected products for four of the isolates. Phylogenetic reconstructions based on the nucleotide sequences for the M-protein and the entire genome, using all of the available BPIV-3 nucleotide sequences, demonstrated that there were two distinct BPIV-3 genotypes (BPIV-3a and BPIV-3b). These newly identified genotypes have implications for the development of BPIV-3 molecular detection methods and may also impact on BPIV-3 vaccine formulations.
Insights
Bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (BPIV-3) sequencing revealed two distinct genotypes, BPIV-3a and BPIV-3b. This discovery impacts molecular detection methods and vaccine development for BPIV-3.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (BPIV-3) is a significant pathogen in cattle.
- In-house BPIV-3 reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) methods failed for some clinical isolates.
- Partial sequencing of the matrix (M) protein and complete genome sequencing were necessary.
Purpose of the Study:
- To perform partial gene sequencing of the M protein from seven BPIV-3 clinical isolates.
- To achieve complete genome sequencing of a representative BPIV-3 isolate (Q5592).
- To analyze nucleotide sequences for phylogenetic reconstruction and genotype identification.
Main Methods:
- Partial gene sequencing of the BPIV-3 matrix (M) protein.
- Complete genome sequencing of a representative BPIV-3 isolate.
- Phylogenetic analysis using available BPIV-3 nucleotide sequences.
Main Results:
- Identification of two distinct BPIV-3 genotypes: BPIV-3a and BPIV-3b.
- Phylogenetic reconstructions confirmed the divergence of these genotypes.
- Sequence analysis provided insights into BPIV-3 genetic diversity.
Conclusions:
- The identified BPIV-3 genotypes have significant implications for diagnostic assay development.
- These genetic distinctions may influence the efficacy of current BPIV-3 vaccine formulations.
- Further research into BPIV-3 genetic diversity is warranted for improved disease control.
