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Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.

Histone Modification

Histone Modification

The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...

Histone Modification

Histone Modification

The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures

Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying DNA...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Pattern-based Search of Epigenomic Data Using GeNemo

Pattern-based Search of Epigenomic Data Using GeNemo

Published on: October 8, 2017

Sensing the epigenome.

Jay B Hollick¹

¹Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, 111 Koshland Hall, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3102, USA. hollick@nature.berkeley.edu

Trends in Plant Science

|June 20, 2008

Summary

RNA and its metabolism are key regulators in plant development and stress responses. This RNA-based system influences epigenetic memory and gene control, driving plant evolution.

Area of Science:

Plant Biology
Molecular Biology
Epigenetics

Background:

Recent research highlights RNA and its metabolism as critical regulators of gene action in plants.
RNA-based systems are increasingly recognized for their roles in epigenetic memory and environmental response.
These mechanisms are crucial for both normal plant development and adaptation to external signals.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advancements in understanding RNA's role in plant development and stress responses.
To explore the mechanisms and functions of the RNA-dependent epigenome.
To highlight new trends in plant research concerning RNA's influence on development and evolution.

Main Methods:

Literature review of recent studies on RNA metabolism and epigenetics in plants.

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An Integrated Platform for Genome-wide Mapping of Chromatin States Using High-throughput ChIP-sequencing in Tumor Tissues

An Integrated Platform for Genome-wide Mapping of Chromatin States Using High-throughput ChIP-sequencing in Tumor Tissues

Published on: April 5, 2018

DamID-seq: Genome-wide Mapping of Protein-DNA Interactions by High Throughput Sequencing of Adenine-methylated DNA Fragments

DamID-seq: Genome-wide Mapping of Protein-DNA Interactions by High Throughput Sequencing of Adenine-methylated DNA Fragments

Published on: January 27, 2016

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Last Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Pattern-based Search of Epigenomic Data Using GeNemo

Pattern-based Search of Epigenomic Data Using GeNemo

Published on: October 8, 2017

An Integrated Platform for Genome-wide Mapping of Chromatin States Using High-throughput ChIP-sequencing in Tumor Tissues

An Integrated Platform for Genome-wide Mapping of Chromatin States Using High-throughput ChIP-sequencing in Tumor Tissues

Published on: April 5, 2018

DamID-seq: Genome-wide Mapping of Protein-DNA Interactions by High Throughput Sequencing of Adenine-methylated DNA Fragments

DamID-seq: Genome-wide Mapping of Protein-DNA Interactions by High Throughput Sequencing of Adenine-methylated DNA Fragments

Published on: January 27, 2016

Analysis of research focusing on RNA-based gene regulation.

Synthesis of findings related to epigenetic memory and environmental signaling.

Main Results:

RNA and its metabolism are central to regulating gene expression in plants.
The RNA-based system provides a flexible platform for epigenetic memory.
This system is vital for reprogramming gene control in response to environmental cues.

Conclusions:

The RNA-dependent epigenome plays a significant role in plant development.
RNA-mediated mechanisms are crucial for plants to adapt to environmental changes.
Understanding these RNA-based processes offers insights into plant evolution.