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Related Concept Videos

Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver. The...
Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction01:28

Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction

Viral hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver caused by infection with hepatotropic viruses, most commonly hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Despite variations in structure and transmission, all viruses mentioned infect hepatocytes and provoke immune responses that can hinder liver function. Additionally, some non-hepatotropic viruses can also lead to hepatic inflammation.Hepatitis A VirusHepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted through the fecal–oral route, typically by ingestion of food...
Vaccines01:21

Vaccines

Vaccines are among the most effective tools in preventive medicine, designed to prepare the immune system to recognize and combat infectious agents. By introducing antigens—substances that the immune system identifies as foreign—vaccines stimulate an adaptive immune response that leads to immunological memory. This immunological memory enables the body to mount a faster and more effective response upon future exposures to the actual pathogen.Vaccines can be categorized based on the type of...
Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
Vaccinations01:51

Vaccinations

Overview
Yellow Fever01:18

Yellow Fever

Yellow fever is a viral hemorrhagic disease caused by the yellow fever virus (YFV), a member of the Flaviviridae family. It is transmitted primarily by Aedes and Haemagogus mosquitoes in tropical and subtropical regions of Africa and South America. After transmission through a mosquito bite, the virus initially replicates in skin-resident immune cells such as dendritic cells and macrophages. These cells then migrate to the lymph nodes, where viral replication increases, eventually leading to...

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Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

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Same author

Retrospective clinical case series study in 2017 identifies <i>Plasmodium knowlesi</i> as most frequent <i>Plasmodium</i> species in returning travellers from Thailand to Germany.

Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin·2018
Same author

Corrigendum to "Detection of Gastrointestinal Pathogens from Stool Samples on Hemoccult Cards by Multiplex PCR".

The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale·2017
Same author

Detection of Gastrointestinal Pathogens from Stool Samples on Hemoccult Cards by Multiplex PCR.

The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale·2017
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Elevated Values of C-Reactive Protein Induced by Imported Infectious Diseases: A Controlled Cross-Sectional Study of 11,079 Diseased German Travelers Returning from the Tropics and Subtropics.

The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene·2016
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Elevated Values of Clinically Relevant Transferases Induced by Imported Infectious Diseases: A Controlled Cross-Sectional Study of 14,559 Diseased German Travelers Returning from the Tropics and Subtropics.

The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene·2016
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Lymphocytosis and Lymphopenia Induced by Imported Infectious Diseases: A Controlled Cross-Sectional Study of 17,229 Diseased German Travelers Returning from the Tropics and Subtropics.

The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene·2016

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks
10:28

A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks

Published on: June 26, 2020

Hepatitis A vaccines.

Hans Dieter Nothdurft1

  • 1Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University of Munich, Germany, Leopoldstrasse 5, D-80802 Munich, Germany. nothdurft@lrz.uni-muenchen.de

Expert Review of Vaccines
|June 20, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hepatitis A virus (HAV) disease burden is rising due to decreased natural immunity. Vaccination offers long-lasting protection and is cost-effective for public health programs.

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"Liver-on-a-Chip" Cultures of Primary Hepatocytes and Kupffer Cells for Hepatitis B Virus Infection

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Development of a Hepatitis B Virus Reporter System to Monitor the Early Stages of the Replication Cycle
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Development of a Hepatitis B Virus Reporter System to Monitor the Early Stages of the Replication Cycle

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 4, 2026

A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks
10:28

A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks

Published on: June 26, 2020

"Liver-on-a-Chip" Cultures of Primary Hepatocytes and Kupffer Cells for Hepatitis B Virus Infection
10:25

"Liver-on-a-Chip" Cultures of Primary Hepatocytes and Kupffer Cells for Hepatitis B Virus Infection

Published on: February 19, 2019

Development of a Hepatitis B Virus Reporter System to Monitor the Early Stages of the Replication Cycle
09:35

Development of a Hepatitis B Virus Reporter System to Monitor the Early Stages of the Replication Cycle

Published on: February 1, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Immunology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Global disease burden of Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is increasing due to epidemiological shifts.
  • Decreased natural immunity leads to more susceptible adolescents and adults, facing higher morbidity and mortality.
  • HAV poses significant treatment costs, particularly in older populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the epidemiological trends of Hepatitis A virus (HAV).
  • To evaluate the efficacy and duration of protection offered by current HAV vaccines.
  • To analyze the cost-benefit ratio of HAV mass vaccination programs in transitioning economies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of epidemiological data on HAV prevalence and immunity shifts.
  • Analysis of clinical studies on HAV vaccine safety, immunogenicity, and antibody persistence.
  • Mathematical modeling to predict long-term vaccine-induced antibody persistence.
  • Economic evaluation of HAV vaccination cost-benefit ratios in countries with changing endemicity.

Main Results:

  • HAV vaccines are safe, highly immunogenic, and provide long-lasting protection.
  • Antibodies persist over 12 years in vaccinated adults, with predictions of >25 years for 95% of recipients.
  • Cost-benefit analysis suggests HAV mass vaccination is comparable to routine childhood immunizations in transitioning countries.

Conclusions:

  • The rising burden of Hepatitis A virus (HAV) necessitates strategic public health interventions.
  • Current HAV vaccines provide durable immunity, making them a valuable tool for disease control.
  • Implementing cost-effective HAV vaccination programs is crucial for managing the disease burden in evolving epidemiological landscapes.