Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...

Olfaction

Olfaction

The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...

Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway

Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway

Humans detect odors with the help of specialized cells located in the upper part of the nasal cavity, called olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). ORNs possess hair-like structures called cilia, which are receptive to sensations from the inhaled air. When an odorant molecule binds to a specific receptor on the cell of the cilia, it leads to a series of events that ultimately cause the ORN to send electrical signals to the olfactory bulb in the brain through the olfactory nerves.
The olfactory...

Taste Buds and Receptors

Taste Buds and Receptors

Gustation, or the sense of taste, is intrinsically linked to the anatomical structures located on the tongue. This organ's surface, along with the entirety of the oral cavity, is adorned with stratified squamous epithelium. Evident on the tongue are elevated structures known as papillae (singular = papilla), which house the mechanisms for the transduction of gustatory stimuli. Four distinct types of papillae exist, each identified by their unique morphological attributes: the circumvallate,...

Tactile and Chemical Senses

Tactile and Chemical Senses

Tactile senses encompass touch, temperature, and pain, each mediated by specific receptors. Touch receptors detect mechanical energy or pressure against the skin. Sensory fibers from these receptors enter the spinal cord and relay information to the brain stem. Here, most fibers cross over to the opposite side of the brain. The touch information then moves to the thalamus, which projects a map of the body's surface onto the somatosensory areas of the parietal lobes in the cerebral cortex. This...

The Physiology of Taste

The Physiology of Taste

The perception of a salty flavor is facilitated by sodium ions within the oral salivary fluid. Upon consumption of a salty substance, salt crystals disassemble, leading to the liberation of its constituents—Na+ and Cl- ions. These ions subsequently dissolve into the salivary fluid present in the oral cavity. The external environment of the gustatory cells experiences an elevation in Na+ concentration, thereby establishing a potent concentration gradient. This gradient propels the diffusion of...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Exosome-mediated cell-cell communication: a new perspective on the mechanisms and therapeutic potential of diabetic microvascular complications.

Frontiers in pharmacology·2026

Same author

Longitudinal Adherence Trajectories to Statins and Antithrombotic Therapy After Ischemic Stroke and Their Impact on Low-Density Lipoprotein Control and Cardiovascular Outcomes.

Journal of the American Heart Association·2026

Same author

Impact of Risk Factors and a New Transfer Pathway on Endovascular Thrombectomy Outcomes in Acute Ischemic Stroke.

World neurosurgery·2025

Same author

Combined Deletion of Mitofusin 2 in Adipose-Mesenchymal Derived Stem Cells and Melatonin Offers Additional Benefits on Protecting the Brain Against Acute Ischemic Stroke in Rat.

Antioxidants & redox signaling·2025

Same author

Investigation of Methionine Metabolism in Coccolithophore by <i>In Situ</i> Light-Coupled Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2025

Same author

Additional benefits of combined ceftriaxone and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells on revamping the outcomes in rodent after acute spinal infection.

Journal of molecular histology·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Odorant-induced Responses Recorded from Olfactory Receptor Neurons using the Suction Pipette Technique

Odorant-induced Responses Recorded from Olfactory Receptor Neurons using the Suction Pipette Technique

Published on: April 5, 2012

Cheirobuccal sensory syndrome.

Yi-Shan Wu¹, Tzu-Huey Li, Tsung-Hwa Chen

¹Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Medical Center, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

Acta Neurologica Taiwanica

|June 21, 2008

Summary

Two patients experienced sensory loss in their cheek and fingers due to thalamic strokes. This "cheirobuccal sensory syndrome" resolved within two months, offering insights into brain-body connections.

More Related Videos

Combining a Breath-Synchronized Olfactometer with Brain Simulation to Study the Impact of Odors on Corticospinal Excitability and Effective Connectivity

Combining a Breath-Synchronized Olfactometer with Brain Simulation to Study the Impact of Odors on Corticospinal Excitability and Effective Connectivity

Published on: January 19, 2024

Single Sensillum Recordings for Locust Palp Sensilla Basiconica

Single Sensillum Recordings for Locust Palp Sensilla Basiconica

Published on: June 23, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Odorant-induced Responses Recorded from Olfactory Receptor Neurons using the Suction Pipette Technique

Odorant-induced Responses Recorded from Olfactory Receptor Neurons using the Suction Pipette Technique

Published on: April 5, 2012

Combining a Breath-Synchronized Olfactometer with Brain Simulation to Study the Impact of Odors on Corticospinal Excitability and Effective Connectivity

Combining a Breath-Synchronized Olfactometer with Brain Simulation to Study the Impact of Odors on Corticospinal Excitability and Effective Connectivity

Published on: January 19, 2024

Single Sensillum Recordings for Locust Palp Sensilla Basiconica

Single Sensillum Recordings for Locust Palp Sensilla Basiconica

Published on: June 23, 2018

Area of Science:

Neurology
Neuroscience
Clinical Medicine

Background:

Sensory impairments can arise from focal brain lesions.
Thalamic lesions are known to cause diverse neurological deficits.

Observation:

Two patients presented with distinct sensory deficits affecting the right intraoral cheek and the first three fingers of the right hand.
Objective testing revealed a decreased sensitivity to pinprick pain in the affected areas.

Findings:

Neuroimaging confirmed recent infarcts in the ventral thalamus contralateral to the affected sensory areas in both patients.
The described sensory impairments, termed "cheirobuccal sensory syndrome," showed spontaneous resolution within two months.

Implications:

This syndrome highlights a specific somatotopic organization within the ventral thalamus.
Understanding this peculiar syndrome aids in diagnosing and managing thalamic stroke complications.
Further research into the pathogenesis can elucidate thalamocortical pathway functions.