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Related Concept Videos

Cis-regulatory Sequences02:02

Cis-regulatory Sequences

Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...
Cis-regulatory Sequences02:02

Cis-regulatory Sequences

Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...
Reporter Genes02:11

Reporter Genes

Reporter genes are a type of protein-coding gene that are often tagged to a gene of interest. Once inside a target cell, reporter genes usually produce visually identifiable characteristics like fluorescence and luminescence when expressed along with the gene of interest. Thus, reporter genes “report” the presence or absence of genes of interest in an organism, determine the gene expression pattern, or track the physical location of a DNA segment or protein in the cell.
Commonly used reporter...
Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators02:13

Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators

Transcriptional regulators bind to specific cis-regulatory sequences in the DNA to regulate gene transcription. These cis-regulatory sequences are very short, usually less than ten nucleotide pairs in length. The short length means that there is a high probability of the exact same sequence randomly occurring throughout the genome.  Since regulators can also bind to groups of similar sequences, this further increases the chances of random binding. Transcriptional regulators form dimers that...
Gene Therapy00:59

Gene Therapy

Gene therapy is a technique where a gene is inserted into a person’s cells to prevent or treat a serious disease. The added gene may be a healthy version of the gene that is mutated in the patient, or it could be a different gene that inactivates or compensates for the patient’s disease-causing gene. For example, in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) due to a mutation in the gene for the enzyme adenosine deaminase, a functioning version of the gene can be inserted. The...
Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation02:53

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Production of Double-stranded DNA Ministrings
06:12

Production of Double-stranded DNA Ministrings

Published on: February 29, 2016

Conditional gene vectors regulated in cis.

Dagmar Pich1, Sibille Humme, Mark-Peter Spindler

  • 1Department of Gene Vectors, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Marchioninistr. 25, 81377 Munich, Germany.

Nucleic Acids Research
|June 21, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed novel, non-integrating plasmid vectors for stable gene expression. These vectors offer reversible genetic transfer, maintaining genomic integrity for therapeutic applications.

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An Ecdysone Receptor-based Singular Gene Switch for Deliberate Expression of Transgene with Robustness, Reversibility, and Negligible Leakiness

Published on: May 7, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Gene Therapy
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • Non-integrating gene vectors are ideal for long-term therapeutic gene expression while preserving host genome integrity.
  • Existing extrachromosomal plasmids often rely on viral blueprints and trans-acting factors.
  • Stable, autonomous replication and segregation of plasmids are crucial for sustained gene delivery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer novel, non-integrating plasmid vectors based on the Epstein-Barr virus oriP.
  • To develop vectors that rely solely on an artificial replication factor for nuclear retention and DNA replication.
  • To create a system for conditional, reversible gene transfer into target cells.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the oriP (latent origin of DNA replication) concept from Epstein-Barr virus.
  • Designed novel plasmid derivatives dependent on an artificial replication factor.
  • Incorporated an allosteric switch, regulated by doxycycline, to control plasmid fate.

Main Results:

  • Successfully created novel plasmid vectors for nuclear retention and replication.
  • Demonstrated exclusive reliance on an artificial replication factor, independent of viral factors.
  • Achieved conditional maintenance and rapid loss of plasmid molecules upon doxycycline addition.
  • Enabled reversible genetic information transfer into target cells.

Conclusions:

  • Novel non-integrating plasmid vectors offer stable, extrachromosomal maintenance.
  • The engineered vectors provide a controllable and reversible method for gene transfer.
  • This technology advances the potential for long-term therapeutic gene expression without genomic alteration.