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Related Concept Videos

The Micturition Reflex01:26

The Micturition Reflex

Urination, or micturition involves the coordination of the bladder's detrusor muscle and two sphincters to ensure controlled bladder emptying.
The process begins with bladder filling, where the bladder wall stretches as urine accumulates. This stretching activates the urine storage reflex, mediated by the sacral spinal segments and the pontine storage center. Efferent sympathetic impulses stimulate the detrusor muscle to relax and the internal urethral sphincter to contract, facilitating urine...
Urinary Bladder01:23

Urinary Bladder

The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
In males, the bladder is situated in front of the rectum, while in females, it is positioned anterior to the vagina and uterus. The bladder floor contains an inverted triangular area called the trigone, defined by the two ureteric...
Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography01:22

Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography

Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG) and Cystography are specialized radiographic procedures used to examine the structure and function of the bladder and urethra.Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG)A Voiding Cystourethrogram (VCUG) is a diagnostic imaging procedure that assesses the anatomy and function of the lower urinary tract. It focuses on the bladder, bladder neck, and urethra, helping detect abnormalities such as vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)—the backward or reverse flow of urine into the...
Urodynamic Studies: Uroflowmetry01:19

Urodynamic Studies: Uroflowmetry

Uroflowmetry is a non-invasive urodynamic test designed to measure various aspects of urination, including volume, flow rate, and the time to void. This test is crucial for diagnosing and assessing conditions such as bladder outlet obstruction, bladder dysfunction, incomplete bladder emptying, incontinence, and urinary tract blockages caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and urethral strictures.Pre-Test Instructions:Before a uroflowmetry test, patients are typically advised to drink...
Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography01:24

Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography

IntroductionUltrasonography, or renal ultrasound, is a noninvasive medical imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to visualize the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and surrounding tissues.Indications for Urinary System UltrasonographyUrinary system ultrasonography is indicated in various clinical scenarios, such as:Kidney Stones (Urolithiasis): To detect and monitor the size and presence of kidney or urinary tract stones.Hydronephrosis: To assess the dilation of the renal pelvis and...
Physiology of the Genitourinary System III: Urine Concentration and Dilution01:20

Physiology of the Genitourinary System III: Urine Concentration and Dilution

The kidneys concentrate or dilute urine to maintain water and electrolyte balance. Nephrons, particularly the loop of Henle, play a crucial role in this process through the countercurrent multiplication system. This system establishes a high osmolarity in the renal medulla, which is essential for water reabsorption. In the loop of Henle’s descending limb, water is reabsorbed into the surrounding medulla due to its permeability to water. In contrast, the ascending limb actively transports...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Detrusor Underactivity Model in Rats by Conus Medullaris Transection
03:26

Detrusor Underactivity Model in Rats by Conus Medullaris Transection

Published on: August 28, 2020

Does micturition improve in the squatting position?

A Rane1, A Corstiaans

  • 1Department of Urogynaecology, Townsville Hospital, Townsville, Queensland, Australia. ajay.rane@jcu.edu.au

Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology : the Journal of the Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
|June 24, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Toilet posture impacts urination, but this study found no significant uroflowmetric differences between leaning forward and squatting. However, the ability to squat was poor in the study volunteers.

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Evaluation of Biomaterials for Bladder Augmentation using Cystometric Analyses in Various Rodent Models
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Detrusor Underactivity Model in Rats by Conus Medullaris Transection
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Evaluation of Biomaterials for Bladder Augmentation using Cystometric Analyses in Various Rodent Models
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Published on: August 9, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Toilet posture is a factor influencing the process of urination (micturition).
  • Understanding how different postures affect micturition can inform public health and medical recommendations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of two distinct toilet postures—leaning forward and squatting—on micturition.
  • To analyze uroflowmetric parameters in relation to these postures.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study involving 54 volunteers who served as their own controls.
  • Measurement of uroflowmetric parameters while participants adopted both lean forward and squatting positions on the toilet.

Main Results:

  • No statistically significant differences were observed in uroflowmetric parameters between the lean forward and squatting positions within the study population.
  • A notable finding was the poor 'squatability' among the volunteers, indicating difficulty in assuming or maintaining the squatting posture.

Conclusions:

  • While toilet posture is relevant to micturition, this study did not find significant differences in key urinary flow metrics between leaning forward and squatting.
  • The practical feasibility of the squatting posture for micturition may be limited in certain populations due to poor 'squatability'.