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Polymeric nanocomposites: compounding and performance.

¹National Research Council Canada, Industrial Materials Institute, 75 de Mortagne, Boucherville, QC, Canada J4B 6Y4.

Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology

|June 25, 2008

Summary

Polymeric nanocomposites (PNC) achieve better organoclay dispersion using melt compounding with a single-screw extruder and extensional flow mixer (SSE + EFM). This method shows promise for industrial applications in plastics.

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Polymer Science
Nanotechnology

Background:

Polymeric nanocomposites (PNC) involve dispersing inorganic platelets within a polymer matrix for enhanced properties.
Achieving full exfoliation requires thermodynamic miscibility between components.
Organoclay dispersion methods include solution, monomer, and melt compounding, with melt compounding holding significant industrial potential.

Purpose of the Study:

To review and compare methods for dispersing organoclay in polymers.
To evaluate the effectiveness of melt compounding techniques, specifically single-screw extrusion (SSE) and twin-screw extrusion (TSE), with and without an extensional flow mixer (EFM).
To assess the impact of dispersion methods on the mechanical performance of resulting PNCs.

Main Methods:

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Organoclay dispersion in polystyrene (PS), polyamide-6 (PA-6), and polypropylene (PP) using melt compounding.
Evaluation of two EFM versions: one for general blending and another for nanoparticle dispersion.
Comparison of dispersion quality and mechanical properties (tensile, flexural, impact) from SSE + EFM versus TSE (with/without EFM).

Main Results:

Melt compounding via SSE + EFM yielded superior organoclay dispersion compared to TSE methods.
PNCs based on PP required a compatibilizer (maleated polypropylenes) in addition to polymer and organoclay.
Mechanical performance was examined to correlate dispersion quality with material properties.

Conclusions:

Single-screw extrusion combined with an extensional flow mixer (SSE + EFM) offers an effective approach for producing high-quality polymeric nanocomposites.
Melt compounding, particularly with advanced mixing technologies, is a promising route for industrial-scale PNC production.
Optimized dispersion through advanced compounding techniques is crucial for realizing the full potential of PNCs in various applications.