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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Dissociation of the Confounding Influences of Expectancy and Integrative Difficulty Residing in Anomalous Sentences in Event-related Potential Studies

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Published on: May 9, 2019

Masked repetition priming and proportion effects under cognitive load.

Glen E Bodner¹, Stephanie M Stalinski

¹Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. bodner@ucalgary.ca

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology = Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale

|June 25, 2008

Summary

Masked priming is automatic, unaffected by cognitive load. However, the repetition proportion effect, influencing unconscious processing, appeared in reaction times under load and error rates without load.

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Psychology
Experimental Psychology
Neuroscience

Background:

Masked repetition priming (MRP) is a phenomenon where prior exposure to a word influences subsequent processing.
The repetition proportion (RP) effect suggests that the proportion of prime repetitions affects the magnitude of priming.
Automaticity refers to cognitive processes that occur without intention or conscious awareness.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the automaticity of masked repetition priming (MRP) under cognitive load.
To examine whether the masked repetition proportion (RP) effect is modulated by cognitive load.
To understand the interplay between automatic processes and unconscious adjustments in masked priming.

Main Methods:

Lexical decision task with masked repetition priming.
Cognitive load manipulation via digit rehearsal during trials.
Varying the repetition proportion (RP) across blocks (.2 vs. .8).
Comparison between a cognitive load group and a no-load control group.

Main Results:

Masked priming was not significantly reduced under cognitive load compared to the no-load condition, supporting its automaticity.
The RP effect was observed in response latencies for the cognitive load group.
The no-load group exhibited an RP effect in error rates, not response latencies.
Cognitive load differentially affected the manifestation of the RP effect across response measures.

Conclusions:

Masked priming demonstrates automaticity, operating independently of concurrent cognitive demands.
The influence of masked primes can be modulated unconsciously, as evidenced by the RP effect.
Findings suggest that while the initial priming process is automatic, its downstream effects can be subject to unconscious regulation and influenced by contextual factors like repetition proportion.