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Related Concept Videos

Respiratory Volumes01:15

Respiratory Volumes

Respiratory volumes are crucial metrics, meticulously measured to quantify the air exchanged in and out of the lungs during various phases of the breathing cycle. These precise measurements are vital for assessing lung function, diagnosing respiratory conditions, and monitoring overall respiratory health. Each parameter provides specific insights into the mechanics of breathing and the functional capacity of the lungs.
Tidal Volume (TV) Tidal volume (TV) is the air inhaled or exhaled in a...
Pneumothorax-II01:27

Pneumothorax-II

Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
Clinical Manifestations:
Atelectasis II: Pathophysiology01:10

Atelectasis II: Pathophysiology

Atelectasis develops when alveoli lose their air and collapse inward. Because lung tissue is naturally elastic, these air sacs shrink rather than remaining open. Collapsed alveoli are no longer ventilated, reducing their role in gas exchange. Blood flow may continue in these regions, creating a ventilation–perfusion mismatch. Clinical findings include decreased breath sounds, dullness to percussion, reduced chest expansion, and decreased tactile fremitus as sound transmission through collapsed...
Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation01:17

Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation

In terms of human respiration, the act of expelling air, known as exhalation (or expiration), operates on the principle of pressure gradients. During expiration, the pressure within the lungs exceeds that of the surrounding atmosphere. Under normal conditions, quiet breathing involves passive exhalation and is free of muscular contractions. This is because the exhalation process is driven by the natural elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall, both of which have an inherent tendency to...
Pneumothorax II: Pathophysiology01:08

Pneumothorax II: Pathophysiology

Pneumothorax means the presence of air in the pleural space — the thin potential gap between the visceral and parietal pleura. This condition disrupts the normal pressure balance that keeps the lungs inflated, leading to partial or complete collapse of the affected lung.Normal physiologyUnder normal conditions, the pleural space maintains a slightly negative intrapleural pressure, which keeps the lungs expanded against the chest wall. This negative pressure creates a delicate balance between...
Lung Capacity01:47

Lung Capacity

The air in the lungs is measured in volumes and capacities. Lung volume measures reflect the amount of air taken in, released, or left over after a lung function, like a single inhalation. Lung capacity measures are sums of two or more lung volume measures.

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Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Robotic-assisted Left Pneumonectomy For Vanishing Lung Syndrome
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Robotic-assisted Left Pneumonectomy For Vanishing Lung Syndrome

Published on: January 23, 2026

Outcomes after unilateral lung volume reduction.

Bryan F Meyers1, Parvez K Sultan, Tracey J Guthrie

  • 1Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110-1013, USA. meyersb@wustl.edu

The Annals of Thoracic Surgery
|June 25, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Unilateral lung volume reduction surgery (ULVRS) offers significant pulmonary function improvements for emphysema patients when bilateral surgery is not possible. While benefits are less than bilateral, ULVRS provides acceptable outcomes and survival rates.

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Unilateral Lung Volume Analysis Using Micro-CT for Enhanced Assessment of Pulmonary Fibrosis in Preclinical Models
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Unilateral Lung Volume Analysis Using Micro-CT for Enhanced Assessment of Pulmonary Fibrosis in Preclinical Models

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Unilateral Lung Volume Analysis Using Micro-CT for Enhanced Assessment of Pulmonary Fibrosis in Preclinical Models
03:38

Unilateral Lung Volume Analysis Using Micro-CT for Enhanced Assessment of Pulmonary Fibrosis in Preclinical Models

Published on: June 20, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Thoracic Surgery
  • Respiratory Physiology

Background:

  • Lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) is a treatment for end-stage emphysema.
  • Bilateral LVRS (BLVRS) is preferred for maximal benefit.
  • Unilateral LVRS (ULVRS) is an alternative when BLVRS is contraindicated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the outcomes of ULVRS in patients with end-stage emphysema.
  • To compare ULVRS results with BLVRS outcomes.
  • To assess the efficacy and safety of ULVRS in specific patient populations.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study of 43 consecutive patients undergoing ULVRS between 1993 and 2006.
  • Exclusion of patients undergoing giant bullectomy.
  • Comparison of post-rehabilitation data with ULVRS outcome measurements.

Main Results:

  • Significant improvements in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV(1)) at 6 months and 3 years post-ULVRS.
  • Sustained reduction in residual volume at 5 years.
  • Low in-hospital (2%) and 90-day (0%) mortality with favorable long-term survival rates.

Conclusions:

  • ULVRS yields significant improvements in pulmonary function, exercise capacity, and quality of life.
  • ULVRS is a viable option for patients with contraindications to BLVRS.
  • Benefits of ULVRS are less pronounced than BLVRS but morbidity and mortality are acceptable.