Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 4, 2026

10:49
Power Input Measurements in Stirred Bioreactors at Laboratory Scale
Published on: May 16, 2018
Modelling mass transfer and agitator performance in multiturbine fermentors
1Bristol-Myers Company, Industrial Division, P.O. Box 4755, Syracuse, New York 13221-4755.
Biotechnology and Bioengineering
|July 1, 1987
Summary
This study presents a mathematical model to analyze agitator performance and mass transfer in large fermentors. The model optimizes individual turbines and mixing cells, determining dissolved oxygen profiles and mass transfer coefficients.
Area of Science:
- Biochemical Engineering
- Chemical Process Engineering
Background:
- Optimizing mass transfer and dissolved oxygen is crucial for large-scale fermentation.
- Existing models often lack specificity for multiturbine systems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a mathematical methodology for analyzing agitator performance and mass transfer in large multiturbine fermentors.
- To determine axial dissolved oxygen profiles based on agitation-aeration characteristics.
Main Methods:
- A stagewise modeling approach dividing the fermentor into discrete mixing cells.
- Individual optimization of each turbine and mixing cell.
- Determination of mass transfer coefficients using limited dissolved oxygen data.
Main Results:
- The model allows for individual optimization of turbines and mixing cells.
- It enables determination of mass transfer coefficients for each turbine.
- Simulations show the impact of operating variables and agitator design on dissolved oxygen profiles.
Conclusions:
- The stagewise model provides a framework for analyzing and optimizing multiturbine fermentor performance.
- It can be used to test and adapt single turbine correlations for multiturbine systems.
- The methodology aids in understanding and controlling dissolved oxygen levels in large-scale bioprocesses.
Related Concept Videos
Bioreactor Controls-II
In aerobic fermentations, oxygen is vital for microbial growth and metabolite production. Since air comprises only about 20% oxygen and the gas is poorly soluble in water—just 9 ppm at 20°C—supplying sufficient oxygen becomes a critical challenge, especially in high-demand processes like yeast growth or citric acid production. Even a fully saturated broth may offer only a few seconds of oxygen availability.To address this, sterile or scrubbed air is introduced into the fermentor via a sparger...
Bioreactor Design and Operational System
Bioreactors are engineered vessels designed to cultivate microorganisms under controlled conditions for industrial bioprocessing. They maintain sterility and allow precise regulation of pH, temperature, oxygen, and nutrient levels to optimize microbial growth and metabolite production. Bioreactors range from small laboratory units of 1 liter to industrial systems holding up to 500,000 liters, though only about 75% of their volume is actively used for fermentation. The remaining headspace...
Scale-Up Processes
The scale-up of microbial fermentation processes is essential in industrial biotechnology, allowing the transition from laboratory-scale experiments to commercial-scale production while aiming to maintain product yield and quality. This process requires meticulous adjustment of equipment design, process parameters, and contamination control strategies to accommodate increasing culture volumes.At the laboratory scale, cultures are typically maintained in 1 to 10-liter glass or autoclavable...
Designing Growth Media for Bioreactors
Growth media provide essential nutrients that support cell growth and metabolism, thereby enhancing the yield of valuable products such as enzymes, antibiotics, and biomass. Designing an effective growth medium involves balancing all components to prevent nutrient limitations or toxic excesses, both of which can impair growth and reduce product yields.Composition of a Typical Growth MediumA typical growth medium contains carbon and nitrogen sources, salts, vitamins, trace elements, and...
Bioreactor Controls-I
Maintaining optimal conditions within fermenters is essential for maximizing microbial productivity and ensuring process efficiency. This lesson focuses on key parameters—temperature, foam, pH, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and pressure—and their precise measurement and control strategies in fermentation systems.Temperature ControlTemperature regulation is critical due to the exothermic nature of many fermentation processes. In small laboratory fermenters, temperature is commonly monitored using...
Steady, Laminar Flow in Circular Tubes
Hagen-Poiseuille flow describes a viscous fluid's steady, incompressible flow through a cylindrical tube with a constant radius R. This flow profile is often applied to understand fluid transport in narrow channels, such as capillaries. It serves as a foundational example of laminar flow. In this model, cylindrical coordinates (r,θ,z) are used to describe the radial (r), angular (θ), and axial (z) dimensions within the tube. For Hagen-Poiseuille flow, the velocity profile is purely axial,...

