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Related Concept Videos

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder01:28

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition characterized by recurrent obsessions, compulsions, or both, which consume significant time and interfere with daily functioning. Obsessions involve persistent, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts, images, or urges that evoke anxiety. Common examples include irrational fears of contamination or harm. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts performed to reduce the anxiety caused by obsessions. For instance, individuals...
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Oppositional Defiant Disorder01:30

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
09:14

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: March 14, 2025

Neurocognitive profile analysis in obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Katherine E Burdick1, Delbert G Robinson, Anil K Malhotra

  • 1Division of Psychiatry Research, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, North Shore-Long Island Jewish Health System, Glen Oaks, New York 11004, USA. kburdick@lij.edu

Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS
|June 26, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients show generalized neurocognitive deficits, particularly in motor skills and processing speed. However, they exhibit relative strengths in language and memory, suggesting specific cognitive patterns in OCD.

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Published on: November 27, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Neurocognitive deficits are known in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).
  • Research has not clearly distinguished between generalized and domain-specific deficits in OCD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess relative strengths and weaknesses across multiple cognitive domains in adult OCD patients.
  • To determine if neurocognitive deficits in OCD are generalized or specific.

Main Methods:

  • Compared 26 adult OCD patients with 38 healthy volunteers.
  • Assessed cognitive domains including motor, memory, reasoning, processing speed, and language.
  • Utilized profile analysis to compare group performance.

Main Results:

  • OCD patients exhibited an overall neurocognitive deficit of 0.5 standard deviations compared to controls.
  • Relative weaknesses were found in motor and processing speed domains.
  • Relative strengths were observed in language, verbal memory, and reasoning/problem-solving.

Conclusions:

  • Neurocognitive impairment is present in OCD, potentially impacting functional outcomes.
  • Specific deficits in motor and processing speed align with hypotheses involving thalamocortical and basal ganglia dysfunction in OCD pathogenesis.