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Effects of multispecies probiotic combination on helicobacter pylori infection in vitro

E Myllyluoma1, A-M Ahonen, R Korpela

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, P.O. Box 63, University of Helsinki (BIOMEDICUM Helsinki), Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland.

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology : CVI
|June 27, 2008
PubMed

Insights

Combining probiotics may complicate their effects. While individual strains inhibit Helicobacter pylori adhesion and inflammation, their combination can increase inflammatory responses, highlighting the need for strain-specific characterization for optimized therapeutic outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Probiotics are used for gastrointestinal health.
  • Combining probiotics is a growing trend.
  • The effects of combined probiotics require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the effects of four probiotics and their combination on H. pylori-infected epithelial cells.
  • To evaluate pathogen adhesion, barrier function, cell death, and inflammatory responses.

Main Methods:

  • Caco-2 cells infected with H. pylori were pretreated with individual probiotics (Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, L. rhamnosus Lc705, Propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. shermanii Js, Bifidobacterium breve Bb99) or their combination.
  • Assays included immunofluorescence for adhesion, transepithelial resistance for barrier function, caspase 3 for apoptosis, LDH for membrane leakage, and cytokine/leukotriene measurements for inflammation.

Main Results:

  • All probiotics inhibited H. pylori adhesion.
  • Individual probiotics and the combination reduced cell membrane leakage.
  • Epithelial barrier function was initially improved but deteriorated over time with some probiotics and the combination.
  • Individual probiotics reduced IL-8 and PGE(2) release, but these anti-inflammatory effects were lost in combination.
  • The combination increased IL-8, PGE(2), and LTB(4) release, indicating a net pro-inflammatory effect.

Conclusions:

  • Probiotic strain characterization is crucial before combination therapy.
  • Combined probiotics may not offer additive benefits and can exacerbate inflammation.
  • Optimizing therapeutic responses requires understanding individual strain properties.

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