Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hyperglycemia01:29

Hyperglycemia

Hyperglycemia is an abnormally high blood glucose level. It is diagnosed by fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL, 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (or OGTT) ≥200 mg/dL, random glucose ≥200 mg/dL with symptoms, or HbA1c ≥6.5%. However, HbA1c results may be unreliable in certain conditions, such as anemia or hemoglobinopathies, and the diagnosis should be confirmed unless classic symptoms are present. Postprandial hyperglycemia is typically considered significant when glucose levels exceed 180 mg/dL two...
Hypoglycemia and Glucagon01:15

Hypoglycemia and Glucagon

Without prolonged fasting, healthy individuals maintain blood glucose levels above 3.5 mM due to a well-adapted neuroendocrine counterregulatory system that effectively prevents acute hypoglycemia, a potentially life-threatening condition. The primary clinical scenarios for hypoglycemia encompass diabetes treatment, inappropriate production of endogenous insulin or insulin-like substances by tumors, and the use of glucose-lowering agents in non-diabetic individuals. Notably, hypoglycemia in the...
Hypoglycemia01:26

Hypoglycemia

Hypoglycemia is a blood glucose level below 70 mg/dL. It commonly occurs in individuals using insulin or insulin-secreting drugs, but may also arise in non-diabetic conditions. People with type 1 diabetes are at the highest risk because they depend on exogenous insulin. People with type 2 diabetes are also at risk, especially when treated with insulin or medications such as sulfonylureas, which increase insulin release regardless of blood glucose levels. It develops when insulin levels exceed...
Overview of Carbohydrate Metabolism01:19

Overview of Carbohydrate Metabolism

Carbohydrate metabolism is a fundamental biochemical process that ensures a constant supply of energy to living cells. The most important carbohydrate is glucose, which can be broken down via glycolysis to enter into the Krebs cycle and eventually lead to the production of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
Glucose transport into cells is facilitated by a family of transport proteins called GLUT (Glucose Transporters). GLUT4 is the primary glucose transporter for insulin-stimulated glucose...
Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications

For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is based on...
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Hospital-Level Variation in IVC Filter Insertion in Trauma Patients: An Opportunity for a National Appropriateness Quality Improvement Initiative.

Annals of surgery·2026
Same author

Predictors of Discharge Disposition in Older Adults With Burn Injury: A Nationwide Emergency Department Analysis.

Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association·2026
Same author

Introduction to entropy balancing: A case study on the association between statin therapy and outcomes after traumatic injury.

Surgery·2026
Same author

Downstream Medical Cost of Repealing Universal Motorcycle Helmet Laws.

Journal of the American College of Surgeons·2026
Same author

Impact of Chronic Immunosuppression on Emergency General Surgery Outcomes.

Journal of the American College of Surgeons·2026
Same author

Changes In Medical Debt And Bankruptcy After Acute Traumatic Injuries, 2019-21.

Health affairs (Project Hope)·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

A Mouse Model of Hemorrhagic Transformation Induced by Acute Hyperglycemia Combined with Transient Focal Ischemia
09:35

A Mouse Model of Hemorrhagic Transformation Induced by Acute Hyperglycemia Combined with Transient Focal Ischemia

Published on: November 15, 2024

Mean glucose values predict trauma patient mortality.

Wendy L Wahl1, Michael Taddonio, Paul M Maggio

  • 1Trauma Burn Center, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA. wlwahl@med.umich.edu

The Journal of Trauma
|June 27, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Strict glucose control in intensive care units (ICUs) for trauma patients significantly reduces mortality risk. However, targeting blood glucose levels below 140 mg/dL did not lower infection rates in this study.

More Related Videos

Characterization of Metabolic Status in Nonhuman Primates with the Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Test
06:59

Characterization of Metabolic Status in Nonhuman Primates with the Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Test

Published on: November 13, 2016

Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital
12:08

Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital

Published on: June 11, 2012

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 4, 2026

A Mouse Model of Hemorrhagic Transformation Induced by Acute Hyperglycemia Combined with Transient Focal Ischemia
09:35

A Mouse Model of Hemorrhagic Transformation Induced by Acute Hyperglycemia Combined with Transient Focal Ischemia

Published on: November 15, 2024

Characterization of Metabolic Status in Nonhuman Primates with the Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Test
06:59

Characterization of Metabolic Status in Nonhuman Primates with the Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Test

Published on: November 13, 2016

Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital
12:08

Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital

Published on: June 11, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Trauma Surgery
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Glycemic control in surgical intensive care units (ICUs) is linked to improved patient survival.
  • A hypothesis proposed that targeting glucose levels below 140 mg/dL could decrease infectious complications and mortality in trauma patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of targeted glucose control on mortality and infectious complications in trauma patients admitted to the ICU.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of a stricter insulin therapy protocol.

Main Methods:

  • A study was conducted on adult trauma patients admitted to an American College of Surgeons Level I Trauma Center ICU.
  • Insulin therapy was initiated for patients with glucose levels exceeding 140 mg/dL after July 1, 2005.
  • Multivariate analysis was performed, adjusting for factors like age, Injury Severity Score, and intubation status.

Main Results:

  • Higher glucose levels (admission, mean, and maximum) were significantly associated with increased mortality.
  • Mean glucose levels of >200 mg/dL, 141-200 mg/dL, and ≤140 mg/dL corresponded to mortality rates of 40%, 20%, and 3.3%, respectively.
  • Increased glucose levels did not correlate with a higher risk of infection after adjustment. Post-protocol implementation, stricter glucose control improved from 59% to 78% of patients.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated glucose levels in trauma patients are a significant predictor of fatal outcomes.
  • Hyperglycemia was not found to be an independent risk factor for infectious complications.
  • Despite intensified insulin treatment and monitoring, overall ICU outcomes for trauma patients did not change.