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Related Experiment Videos

How much lung ventilation is obtained with only chest-compression CPR?

L A Geddes1, A Rundell, M Otlewski

  • 1Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 206 S. Martin Jischke Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2032, USA. geddes@ecn.purdue.edu

Cardiovascular Engineering (Dordrecht, Netherlands)
|June 27, 2008
PubMed
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Rhythmic chest compression alone does not effectively ventilate the lungs. This study found that chest compression breathing resulted in negative alveolar ventilation, indicating insufficient lung ventilation.

Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

Background:

  • Effective lung ventilation is critical during cardiopulmonary emergencies.
  • Chest compressions are a fundamental component of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify lung ventilation achieved solely through rhythmic chest compression.
  • To compare alveolar ventilation during normal breathing versus chest compression breathing.

Main Methods:

  • A study involving 14 pigs was conducted.
  • Measurements included tidal volume (TV) and dead space (DS) during normal breathing and chest compression.
  • Respiration rate (R) and the TV/DS ratio were calculated.

Main Results:

  • Normal breathing yielded a TV/DS ratio of 2.54 ± 0.68 and positive alveolar ventilation (5.48 ± 2.1 l/min).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Chest compression breathing resulted in a significantly lower TV/DS ratio of 0.80 ± 0.07.
  • Alveolar ventilation during chest compression alone was negative (-1.49 ± 0.64 l/min).

    • Conclusions:

    • Rhythmic chest compression alone is insufficient to achieve adequate lung ventilation.
    • Tidal volume generated by chest compressions was less than the physiological dead space.
    • Chest compression alone does not provide effective alveolar ventilation.