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Barriers to hearing conservation programs in combat arms occupations.

Sharon M Abel¹

¹Defence Research & Development Canada - Toronto, Toronto, Canada. sharon.abel@drdc-rddc.gc.ca

Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine

|June 28, 2008

Summary

Despite hearing conservation programs, noise-induced hearing loss is rising in the Canadian military. Focus groups revealed that hearing protection interferes with situational awareness, leading to poor compliance among soldiers.

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Area of Science:

Military Medicine
Occupational Health
Audiology

Background:

Canadian military has had a hearing conservation program for over 45 years.
Despite this, noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) prevalence is increasing.
A focus group study was conducted to understand knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding hearing loss prevention in combat arms occupations.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate soldiers' understanding of hearing loss risks and prevention.
To identify barriers to hearing protection compliance in high-noise military environments.
To gather insights for improving hearing conservation program effectiveness.

Main Methods:

Focus groups were conducted with 4-5 participants each from Infantry Soldiers, Artillerymen, Armored Soldiers, and Combat Engineers.
Participants had at least 5 years of service and held ranks of Warrant Officer, Sergeant, or Master Corporal.
Discussions explored susceptibility, consequences of hearing loss, hearing protection benefits/drawbacks, and user preferences.

Main Results:

Infantry Soldiers and Artillerymen showed moderate to severe hearing loss; Armored Soldiers and Combat Engineers reported no perceived hearing changes.
Primary concerns with hearing protection included interference with auditory warnings and orders, and incompatibility with other military gear.
Noise exposure sources included weapons, explosives, and vehicles.

Conclusions:

Good hearing is crucial for the combat arms occupations studied.
Hearing loss and/or hearing protection use negatively impacted situational awareness, communication, and auditory task performance.
Soldiers desire opportunities to trial protective devices, clear usage policies, and adequate funding for hearing protection.