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Acute Renal Failure due to Rhabdomyolysis Following Human Stampede

I A Sheikh1, F A Shaheen, N A El-Aqeil

  • 1Jeddah Kidney Center, King Fahd Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation : an Official Publication of the Saudi Center for Organ Transplantation, Saudi Arabia
|January 1, 1994
PubMed

Insights

A rare cause of rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure (ARF) was identified following a human stampede. Early treatment with forced alkaline diuresis proved effective, even in established renal failure cases.

Area of Science:

  • Emergency Medicine
  • Nephrology
  • Trauma Surgery

Background:

  • Rhabdomyolysis leading to acute renal failure (ARF) is a recognized complication.
  • The causes of rhabdomyolysis are diverse, but trauma-induced cases are common.
  • Human stampedes are infrequent causes of mass trauma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report an unusual cause of rhabdomyolysis and subsequent renal failure.
  • To describe the clinical presentation and management of patients affected by a human stampede.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of forced alkaline diuresis in this specific patient cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Case series of eight patients referred after a human stampede incident.
  • Laboratory investigations to confirm rhabdomyolysis and assess renal function.
  • Treatment protocols including forced alkaline diuresis and hemodialysis where indicated.

Main Results:

  • All eight patients presented with laboratory-confirmed rhabdomyolysis.
  • Moderate to severe renal impairment was evident in all cases.
  • Three patients required hemodialysis; all patients ultimately recovered.

Conclusions:

  • Human stampedes can cause traumatic rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure.
  • Forced alkaline diuresis is an effective treatment modality for rhabdomyolysis-induced renal failure.
  • Prompt management with forced alkaline diuresis is recommended, even in established renal failure.

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