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Hepatitis C virus infection among dialysis patients in United arab emirates

Y I El Shahat1, S Varma, M Z Bari

  • 1Department of Nephrology, Al Jazierah and Central Hospitals, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.

Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation : an Official Publication of the Saudi Center for Organ Transplantation, Saudi Arabia
|April 1, 1995
PubMed

Insights

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is common in hemodialysis patients. Isolating positive patients and using universal precautions effectively reduced HCV transmission in this high-risk group.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Hepatitis C virus (HCV) poses a significant risk to hemodialysis (HD) patients.
  • Understanding HCV antibody positivity incidence and transmission dynamics is crucial for patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of anti-HCV antibodies in HD patients.
  • To assess the impact of patient isolation and universal precautions on HCV transmission.

Main Methods:

  • Studied 262 HD patients from January 1991 to December 1993.
  • Detected anti-HCV antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
  • Implemented patient isolation with designated HD machines and universal precautions.

Main Results:

  • 64 out of 262 patients (24.4%) were anti-HCV positive.
  • Nineteen patients (29.7%) seroconverted during the study.
  • Overall seroconversion rate was 0.95 per 100 patient-months, decreasing to 0.4 when known risk factors were excluded.

Conclusions:

  • HCV infection is frequent in hemodialysis settings.
  • Isolation of anti-HCV positive patients and universal precautions can prevent nosocomial HCV transmission.
  • Minimizing transfusion risks, potentially with r-Human erythropoietin, is recommended.

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