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Related Concept Videos

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...

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Retinal Pigment Epithelium Transplantation in a Non-human Primate Model for Degenerative Retinal Diseases
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Therapy for acute retinal necrosis.

Tatsushi Kawaguchi1, Doran B Spencer, Manabu Mochizuki

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Seminars in Ophthalmology
|June 28, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acute retinal necrosis, a severe eye condition caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) or varicella zoster virus (VZV), requires prompt antiviral and anti-inflammatory treatment. Despite interventions, visual prognosis remains poor, especially for VZV-induced cases.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Virology
  • Retinal Diseases

Background:

  • Acute retinal necrosis (ARN) is a severe, necrotizing retinopathy.
  • ARN is primarily caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) or varicella zoster virus (VZV).
  • The condition can lead to significant vision loss and optic nerve damage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current treatment strategies for acute retinal necrosis.
  • To highlight the challenges and prognosis associated with ARN management.

Main Methods:

  • Antiviral therapy (intravenous acyclovir, oral valacyclovir).
  • Combined systemic and topical corticosteroids for anti-inflammatory effects.
  • Low-dose aspirin for anti-thrombotic treatment in cases of occlusive retinal vasculitis.
  • Vitreo-retinal surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair.
  • Discussion of prophylactic vitrectomy and laser photocoagulation efficacy.

Main Results:

  • Standard treatment involves antivirals, corticosteroids, and anti-thrombotics.
  • Vitreo-retinal surgery is effective for late-stage complications like retinal detachment.
  • Prophylactic vitrectomy shows promising results in preventing detachment.
  • Laser photocoagulation efficacy for preventing retinal detachment is debated.

Conclusions:

  • ARN necessitates a multi-faceted treatment approach including antivirals, anti-inflammatories, and potentially surgery.
  • Despite comprehensive treatment, the visual prognosis for ARN, particularly VZV-induced cases, remains guarded.
  • Further research into prophylactic measures and optimal surgical timing is warranted.