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Related Concept Videos

Social Scripts02:10

Social Scripts

People tend to know what behavior is expected of them in specific, familiar settings. A script is a person’s knowledge about the sequence of events expected in a specific setting (Schank & Abelson, 1977). Essentially, scripts are a particular kind of schema, one containing default values for the features within an event. In the restaurant example, the script's features include the props (e.g., tables, menu, food, and money), the roles to be played (e.g., customer and waiter), the opening...
Self-Schemas02:16

Self-Schemas

In general, a schema is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts (Bartlett, 1932). There are many different types of schemata, and they all have one thing in common: schemata are a method of organizing information that allows the brain to work more efficiently. When a schema is activated, the brain makes immediate assumptions about the person or object being observed.
Framing Effects03:26

Framing Effects

Information is everywhere and its presentation—such as how and when items are presented—can impact our perceptions and decisions surrounding the info. This broad concept umbrellas framing effects—influences that occur due to the way information is framed in its appearance, whether it’s purely the order or the specific wording of a message. Let’s take a look at numerous ways in which two versions of something can objectively say the same thing, yet we respond in different ways based on the...
Optimal Foraging00:48

Optimal Foraging

How animals obtain and eat their food is called foraging behavior. Foraging can include searching for plants and hunting for prey and depends on the species and environment.
Cause and Effect01:53

Cause and Effect

While variables are sometimes correlated because one does cause the other, it could also be that some other factor, a confounding variable, is actually causing the systematic movement in our variables of interest. For instance, as sales in ice cream increase, so does the overall rate of crime. Is it possible that indulging in your favorite flavor of ice cream could send you on a crime spree? Or, after committing crime do you think you might decide to treat yourself to a cone?
Confirmation Biases01:31

Confirmation Biases

The confirmation bias is the tendency to focus on information that confirms our existing beliefs and ignore information that is inconsistent with our expectations. For example, if you think that your professor is not very nice, you notice all of the instances of rude behavior exhibited by the professor while ignoring the countless pleasant interactions he is involved in on a daily basis. Have you ever fallen prey to the confirmation bias, either as the source or target of such bias?

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Errors as a Means of Reducing Impulsive Food Choice
07:07

Errors as a Means of Reducing Impulsive Food Choice

Published on: June 5, 2016

How adults construct evening meals. Scripts for food choice.

Christine E Blake1, Carole A Bisogni, Jeffery Sobal

  • 1Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA. cey2@cornell.edu

Appetite
|July 1, 2008
PubMed
Summary

People

Area of Science:

  • Food choice behavior
  • Cognitive psychology
  • Social sciences

Background:

  • The evening meal is a significant daily event.
  • Understanding cognitive processes in food choice is crucial.
  • Schema theory offers a framework for analyzing mealtime behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore cognitive constructions of evening meals using schema theory.
  • To identify the 'scripts' that guide evening meal behavior.
  • To understand the link between cognitions and food choices.

Main Methods:

  • Grounded theory approach.
  • Qualitative interviews with 32 adults.
  • Constant comparative method for data analysis.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Errors as a Means of Reducing Impulsive Food Choice
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Published on: June 5, 2016

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06:21

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Main Results:

  • Evening meal scripts are shaped by values and expectations.
  • Scripts involve sequential behaviors and specific procedures.
  • Eight distinct evening meal scripts were identified: Provider, Family Cook, Head of the table, Egalitarian, Struggler, Just eat, Anything goes, and Entertainer.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive scripts influence food choice and dietary intake.
  • Further research is needed across diverse populations and contexts.