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Related Concept Videos

The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
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Multivesicular bodies (MVBs) are mature endosomes that sort ubiquitinated proteins and then fuse with lysosomes to degrade the sorted proteins. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor (EGFR) form a complex that can be internalized through endocytosis, sorted into an MVB, and later degraded.
The EGFR can initiate signaling pathways that  lead to cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Overexpression of EGFR  stimulates cells to proliferate. Excessive  EGFR activation may...
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Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
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Cell-mediated Immune Responses

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T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...

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Tractable In Vivo Reprogramming of Tumor Cells to Type 1 Conventional Dendritic Cell-like Cells
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Dendritic cells dysfunction in tumour environment.

Karim Bennaceur1, Jessica Chapman, Leila Brikci-Nigassa

  • 1Department of Transplantation and Clinical Immunology, Claude Bernard University and Edouard Herriot Hospital, Lyon, France. karim.bennaceur@etu.univ-paris7.fr

Cancer Letters
|July 1, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Most tumors are immunogenic but evade immune responses. This review explores how the tumor microenvironment impairs dendritic cells (DCs), crucial for anti-tumor immunity via cross-priming.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oncology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Tumors are often immunogenic yet fail to elicit effective anti-cancer immune responses.
  • Tumor cells employ various mechanisms to escape host immune surveillance.
  • The tumor microenvironment (TME) is increasingly recognized for its role in immune evasion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms by which the tumor microenvironment (TME) contributes to dendritic cell (DC) dysfunction.
  • To highlight the critical role of DCs in initiating anti-tumor immune responses, particularly through cross-priming.
  • To discuss the implications of DC dysfunction in the context of tumor immune escape.

Main Methods:

  • This is a review article, synthesizing existing research.
  • Literature search and analysis of studies on tumor immunology and the TME.
  • Focus on the interaction between the TME and dendritic cell function.

Main Results:

  • The tumor microenvironment (TME) contains factors that impair dendritic cell (DC) function.
  • DC dysfunction compromises their ability to present tumor antigens via MHC class I molecules.
  • Impaired cross-priming by DCs reduces the activation of tumor-specific T cells.

Conclusions:

  • The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a significant role in suppressing anti-tumor immunity by causing dendritic cell (DC) dysfunction.
  • Understanding TME-mediated DC dysfunction is crucial for developing effective cancer immunotherapies.
  • Targeting the TME to restore DC function may enhance anti-tumor immune responses.