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Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills

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Published on: April 23, 2014

Population-based cohort studies on premorbid cognitive function in schizophrenia.

James H Maccabe¹

¹Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, de Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom. j.maccabe@iop.kcl.ac.uk

Epidemiologic Reviews

|July 1, 2008

Summary

Children and adolescents with lower cognitive function in childhood face a higher risk of developing schizophrenia. This finding suggests cognitive deficits may play a role in the disorder's development.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Psychiatry
Cognitive Psychology

Background:

Previous research linked poor cognitive function to schizophrenia.
Retrospective studies are limited by recall and selection biases.
Existing studies cannot determine if cognitive deficits precede schizophrenia onset.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically review studies using prospective, population-based data.
To examine the association between premorbid cognitive functioning and schizophrenia risk.
To clarify the role of early cognitive abilities in schizophrenia etiology.

Main Methods:

Systematic literature search for population-based cohort studies.
Inclusion of studies with prospectively collected premorbid cognitive data.
Categorization of studies into birth cohort, army conscript, and school performance designs.

Main Results:

Birth cohort and conscript studies consistently show strong associations between poor cognitive performance and increased schizophrenia risk.
School performance studies yielded less consistent results, though the largest found significant associations.
Prospective data analysis mitigates biases inherent in retrospective research.

Conclusions:

Poor cognitive abilities in childhood and adolescence are associated with a significantly increased risk of schizophrenia.
This association suggests that cognitive deficits may be directly causal or linked to causal factors in schizophrenia etiology.
Prospective studies strengthen the evidence for a premorbid cognitive component in schizophrenia development.