Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Transducer Mechanism: Enzyme-Linked Receptors

Transducer Mechanism: Enzyme-Linked Receptors

Enzyme-linked receptors are cell-surface receptors acting as an enzyme or associating with an enzyme intracellularly. They make excellent drug targets. Drugs can bind to the extracellular ligand-binding domain or directly affect their enzymatic domain and alter their activity.
Major types that are helpful drug targets include:

Microbial Biosensors

Microbial Biosensors

Microbial biosensors are analytical devices that utilize living microbes to detect specific substances through measurable signals. These devices consist of two main components: biosensing organisms and signal-transducing elements. Biosensing organisms, such as Escherichia coli or Saccharomyces cerevisiae, are typically housed in multiwell plates connected to transducers, enabling rapid, real-time detection of target analytes.Signal Generation MechanismWhen a target analyte—such as...

Catalytically Perfect Enzymes

Catalytically Perfect Enzymes

The theory of catalytically perfect enzymes was first proposed by W.J. Albery and J. R. Knowles in 1976. These enzymes catalyze biochemical reactions at high-speed. Their catalytic efficiency values range from 108-109 M-1s-1. These enzymes are also called 'diffusion-controlled' as the only rate-limiting step in the catalysis is that of the substrate diffusion into the active site. Examples include triose phosphate isomerase, fumarase, and superoxide dismutase.

Enzyme-linked Receptors

Enzyme-linked Receptors

Enzyme-linked receptors are proteins that act as both receptor and enzyme, activating multiple intracellular signals. This is a large group of receptors that include the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family. Many growth factors and hormones bind to and activate the RTKs.
Neurotrophin (NT) receptors are a family of RTKs, including trkA, trkB, and trkC (tropomyosin-related kinase) receptors. TrkA is specific for nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-6, and neurotrophin-7. TrkB binds...

Enzymes

Enzymes

Inside living organisms, enzymes act as catalysts for many biochemical reactions involved in cellular metabolism. The role of enzymes is to reduce the activation energies of biochemical reactions by forming complexes with its substrates. The lowering of activation energies favor an increase in the rates of biochemical reactions.
Enzyme deficiencies can often translate into life-threatening diseases. For example, a genetic abnormality resulting in the deficiency of the enzyme G6PD...

Allosteric Regulation

Allosteric Regulation

Allosteric regulation of enzymes occurs when the binding of an effector molecule to a site that is different from the active site causes a change in the enzymatic activity. This alternate site is called an allosteric site, and an enzyme can contain more than one of these sites. Allosteric regulation can either be positive or negative, resulting in an increase or decrease in enzyme activity. Most enzymes that display allosteric regulation are metabolic enzymes involved in the degradation or...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Purification and amino-acid sequence of a nerve growth factor from the venom of Vipera russelli russelli.

Biochimica et biophysica acta·1992

Same author

Genomic structure of the human caldesmon gene.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·1992

Same author

Crosslinking of proteins in acetylcholine receptor-rich membranes from Torpedo californica: relation of 43-kD protein and Torpedo dystrophin to acetylcholine receptor.

Biochemistry international·1992

Same author

[The first cholera case diagnosed early in the clinical laboratory by DNA probe method].

Kansenshogaku zasshi. The Journal of the Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases·1992

Same author

Transesophageal echocardiographic diagnosis of coronary sinus type atrial septal defect.

American heart journal·1992

Same author

[Phase I study of NK 622 (toremifene citrate)].

Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy·1992

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

The Use of a β-lactamase-based Conductimetric Biosensor Assay to Detect Biomolecular Interactions

The Use of a β-lactamase-based Conductimetric Biosensor Assay to Detect Biomolecular Interactions

Published on: February 1, 2018

Biochemical switching device: monocyclic enzyme system.

M Okamoto¹, T Sakai, K Hayashi

¹Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University 46-02, Fukuoka 812, Japan.

Biotechnology and Bioengineering

|August 5, 1988

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Monocyclic enzyme systems, where enzymes share substrates cyclically, can act as biological switches. Computer simulations show this switching behavior depends on enzyme and cofactor concentrations exceeding specific thresholds.

More Related Videos

Multi-enzyme Screening Using a High-throughput Genetic Enzyme Screening System

Multi-enzyme Screening Using a High-throughput Genetic Enzyme Screening System

Published on: August 8, 2016

An Ecdysone Receptor-based Singular Gene Switch for Deliberate Expression of Transgene with Robustness, Reversibility, and Negligible Leakiness

An Ecdysone Receptor-based Singular Gene Switch for Deliberate Expression of Transgene with Robustness, Reversibility, and Negligible Leakiness

Published on: May 7, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 4, 2026

The Use of a β-lactamase-based Conductimetric Biosensor Assay to Detect Biomolecular Interactions

The Use of a β-lactamase-based Conductimetric Biosensor Assay to Detect Biomolecular Interactions

Published on: February 1, 2018

Multi-enzyme Screening Using a High-throughput Genetic Enzyme Screening System

Multi-enzyme Screening Using a High-throughput Genetic Enzyme Screening System

Published on: August 8, 2016

An Ecdysone Receptor-based Singular Gene Switch for Deliberate Expression of Transgene with Robustness, Reversibility, and Negligible Leakiness

An Ecdysone Receptor-based Singular Gene Switch for Deliberate Expression of Transgene with Robustness, Reversibility, and Negligible Leakiness

Published on: May 7, 2018

Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Systems Biology
Enzyme Kinetics

Background:

Monocyclic enzyme systems involve cyclic sharing of substrates or cofactors between enzymes.
Understanding their dynamic behavior is crucial for designing biological circuits.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the switching characteristics of monocyclic enzyme systems.
To explore the influence of kinetic and concentration parameters on system behavior.

Main Methods:

Development of detailed mathematical models for biochemically plausible cyclic enzyme systems.
Utilizing computer simulations to analyze system dynamics.

Main Results:

Demonstrated that monocyclic enzyme systems exhibit switching behavior.
Identified threshold values for enzyme and cofactor concentrations required for switching.
Analyzed the impact of rate constants on switching characteristics.

Conclusions:

Monocyclic enzyme systems can function as effective switching circuits under specific concentration conditions.
These systems hold potential for use as controllers in biochemical reactor systems (bioreactors).