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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Microfluidic Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis Incorporating Human Neonatal Intestinal Enteroids and a Dysbiotic Microbiome
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Neonatal onset intestinal failure: an Italian Multicenter Study.

Gennaro Salvia1, Alfredo Guarino, Gianluca Terrin

  • 1NICU Buon Consiglio Fatebenefratelli Hospital of Naples, Naples, Italy. salvia@unina.it

The Journal of Pediatrics
|July 1, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Neonatal intestinal failure affects 0.1% of newborns, primarily due to congenital defects or necrotizing enterocolitis. Most infants achieve intestinal competence within 36 months, but cholestatic liver disease is common.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Neonatology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Neonatal intestinal failure (IF) is a critical condition requiring prolonged nutritional support.
  • Understanding its incidence and natural course is essential for resource allocation and clinical trial planning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of neonatal intestinal failure.
  • To survey the spectrum of underlying diseases causing IF.
  • To describe the natural history of IF in neonates.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of infants admitted to 7 Italian tertiary care NICUs.
  • Defined IF as primary intestinal disease requiring total parenteral nutrition (PN) for >4 weeks or partial PN for >3 months.

Main Results:

  • IF occurred in 0.1% of live births and 0.5% of high-risk infants.
  • Common causes included congenital intestinal defects (42.3%) and necrotizing enterocolitis (30.8%).
  • After 36 months, 84.6% achieved intestinal competence; 54% developed cholestatic liver disease.

Conclusions:

  • Neonatal intestinal failure has a defined incidence and spectrum of causes.
  • Most patients recover intestinal function, but long-term complications like cholestatic liver disease are frequent.
  • Data on IF incidence and natural history are crucial for optimizing care and research.