[Interleukin-18 in systemic lupus erythematosus: link with clinical symptoms and vascular atherosclerosis]

To examine correlation between IL-18 concentration, SLE manifestations and atherosclerotic vascular affection.

We examined 162 SLE female patients (age 26-43 years, mean age 35 years, duration of SLE 28-204 months, mean duration 96.0 months) and 64 healthy controls (women aged 30.0-45.0 years, mean age 35.5 years). We analysed correlation between IL-18 concentration, SLE symptoms, classic risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, subclinical and clinical signs of atherosclerosis.

IL-18 in blood serum of SLE patients was much higher than in the control group (p < 0.00001). A positive correlation exists between IL-concentration and the disease activity by scale SLEDAI-2K, the level of antibodies to IgG cardiolipin, ESR, SLE, titers of antibodies to double-chain DNA, concentration of creatinin, urine, glucocorticoids dose taken by the patients at examination. In SLE patients with stomatitis, hematological, immunological disorders, a positive test for antinuclear factor, IL-18 was much higher than in patients without the above signs. No significant correlation was seen between IL-18 concentration, subclinical and clinical signs of atherosclerosis, Of risk factors, there was a negative correlation between total cholesterol concentration, LDLP and HDLP cholesterol.

In SLE patients a high IL-18 level reflects activity of the basic disease and is not related with vascular atherosclerosis.