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Related Concept Videos

Primary Lymphoid Organs01:16

Primary Lymphoid Organs

Primary lymphoid organs are pivotal in the formation, development, and maturation of lymphocytes, the white blood cells that serve as the backbone of our immune system. This crucial function underscores their fundamental role in maintaining our overall health and immunity. The two primary lymphoid organs of prime importance are the red bone marrow and the thymus.
The red bone marrow is a soft, spongy tissue nestled in the interior of long bones such as the humerus and femur. It is the site...
Secondary Lymphoid Organs01:15

Secondary Lymphoid Organs

Secondary organs, including lymph nodes, the spleen, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), work harmoniously to protect us from disease and infection.
The spleen is a vital organ in the lymphatic system, nestled in the upper left side of the abdomen. It is composed of two primary regions: the red pulp and the white pulp, each having distinct functions. The red pulp performs a significant role in blood filtration. It efficiently purges the blood of old or damaged red blood cells and...
Lymphoid Cells and Tissues01:18

Lymphoid Cells and Tissues

Lymphoid cells and tissues are integral to the immune system, which is crucial in maintaining our body's defense against harmful pathogens. They form the building blocks of lymphoid organs, which include the spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes.
Lymphoid cells consist of various types of immune system cells. These include B and T lymphocytes, which are responsible for producing antibodies and killing infected cells, respectively. Dendritic cells act as messengers between the innate and adaptive...
Huntington Disease l: Introduction01:21

Huntington Disease l: Introduction

Huntington disease or HD is a progressive, fatal neurodegenerative disorder inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern.PathophysiologyIt is caused by expansion of the CAG trinucleotide repeat in the HTT gene on chromosome 4 (4p16.3), producing an abnormal huntingtin protein with an expanded polyglutamine tract. This misfolded protein disrupts cellular function, leading to neuronal death. Normal alleles have ≤26 repeats, 27–35 are intermediate (risk of expansion), 36–39 show reduced penetrance,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Flow-sorting and Exome Sequencing of the Reed-Sternberg Cells of Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma
08:53

Flow-sorting and Exome Sequencing of the Reed-Sternberg Cells of Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma

Published on: June 10, 2017

CNS Hodgkin lymphoma.

Elizabeth R Gerstner1, Lauren E Abrey, David Schiff

  • 1Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA. egerstner@partners.org

Blood
|July 2, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Central nervous system (CNS) involvement by Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is rare, with limited management guidance. Long-term survival is possible with complete treatment response, especially for isolated or relapsed CNS disease.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Flow-sorting and Exome Sequencing of the Reed-Sternberg Cells of Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma
08:53

Flow-sorting and Exome Sequencing of the Reed-Sternberg Cells of Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma

Published on: June 10, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Central nervous system (CNS) involvement in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is infrequent.
  • Limited clinical guidance exists for managing CNS-HL due to its rarity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze treatment outcomes and survival in a cohort of patients with CNS-HL.
  • To provide insights into managing this rare oncological complication.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective data collection on 16 patients with histopathologically or CSF-confirmed meningeal or parenchymal CNS-HL.
  • Analysis of treatment modalities (surgery, radiation, chemotherapy) and survival data.

Main Results:

  • CNS-HL occurred at diagnosis (8 patients) or relapse (8 patients).
  • Median overall survival was 60.9 months from HL diagnosis and 43.8 months from CNS-HL diagnosis.
  • Complete response to treatment correlated with potential long-term survival.

Conclusions:

  • Long-term survival in CNS-HL is achievable with complete treatment response.
  • Patients presenting with CNS involvement at diagnosis or as the sole site of relapse may have better prognoses.