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Related Concept Videos

Vitamins01:30

Vitamins

Vitamins, derived from the Latin word for life, are essential organic substances required in small quantities for optimal growth and overall well-being. Unlike other organic nutrients, vitamins don't act as sources of energy or building materials but rather facilitate these nutrients' utilization by the body. Vitamins are predominantly coenzymes, assisting enzymes in specific chemical actions, like the oxidation of glucose for energy involving B vitamins. Most vitamins are not produced in our...
Connective Tissue Cell Types01:22

Connective Tissue Cell Types

Connective tissue develops from the mesoderm of a developing embryo and consists of cells, fibers, and ground substance: a gel-like material containing large complexes of carbohydrates and proteins. Connective tissue was first identified as a separate tissue family in the 18th century, and Johannes Peter Muller coined the term connective tissue.
Fat cells (adipocytes), smooth muscle cells (myoblasts), and bone cells (osteoblasts) are some connective tissue cell types. Some immune system cells...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
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Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

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Related Experiment Videos

Association of vitamin A deficiency with decrease in TNF-α expressing CD3-CD56+ NK cells in Ghanaians.

Yi Jiang1, Francis Obuseh, William Ellis

  • 1Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.

Nutrition Research (New York, N.Y.)
|July 2, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Vitamin A deficiency in children is linked to fewer tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) expressing Natural Killer (NK) cells. This reduction in immune cells may explain increased susceptibility to infections in deficient individuals.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Low vitamin A levels correlate with increased infection risk and severity in children.
  • Limited data exists on vitamin A deficiency's impact on human cellular immune subsets and cytokine production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize cellular immune subsets and their cytokine production in vitamin A deficient versus sufficient individuals.
  • To investigate the relationship between plasma vitamin A levels and cellular immune status.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study in Ghana.
  • Analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) for cellular phenotypes and intracellular cytokine expression.
  • Comparison between vitamin A deficient and sufficient participants.

Main Results:

  • Vitamin A deficiency was associated with a significant decrease in TNF-α expressing CD3-CD56+ NK cells.
  • No significant differences were observed in CD4+ T cell proliferation or IFN-γ and IL-4 production between groups.
  • Findings align with animal studies showing reduced NK cell activity in vitamin A deficiency.

Conclusions:

  • Reduced TNF-α expressing NK cells in vitamin A deficiency may contribute to impaired resistance to infections.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the role of vitamin A in immune cell function.