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Related Experiment Videos

A retinal circuit that computes object motion.

Stephen A Baccus1, Bence P Olveczky, Mihai Manu

  • 1Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA. baccus@stanford.edu

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|July 4, 2008
PubMed
Summary
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Retinal ganglion cells detect object motion by integrating visual signals. Specific amacrine cells suppress responses to global motion, enabling clear object tracking during movement.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Retinal Physiology
  • Visual Processing

Background:

  • Certain retinal ganglion cells (OMS cells) detect object motion against backgrounds.
  • These cells are suppressed by global image motion from head or eye movements.
  • The neural circuit underlying this selective response is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the circuit basis of object motion sensitive (OMS) responses in the retina.
  • To elucidate the roles of specific retinal interneurons in modulating OMS cell activity.
  • To understand how the retina distinguishes object motion from global motion.

Main Methods:

  • Intracellular recordings from retinal interneurons and ganglion cells.
  • Simultaneous recording of ganglion cell spiking output.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Direct intracellular current injection into amacrine cells.
  • Development of a quantitative model of the neural circuit.

    • Main Results:

    • Fast, transient bipolar cells provide linearly rectified input to OMS ganglion cells for center motion detection.
    • Polyaxonal amacrine cells, driven by surround motion, selectively suppress OMS ganglion cell synaptic input.
    • A circuit model incorporating these elements accurately predicts OMS cell responses.

    Conclusions:

    • The OMS response is achieved through a specific circuit involving bipolar and amacrine cells.
    • Rectification and selective synaptic inhibition are key mechanisms for distinguishing object from global motion.
    • This circuit enables a crucial visual computation within the retina for motion perception.