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A Trap-Vaccinate-Release Protocol for Immunization of Skunks and Additional Rabies Vectors Against Rabies

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Zoonoses-with friends like this, who needs enemies?

Stephen G Baum¹

¹Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA. sbaum@aecom.yu.edu

Transactions of the American Clinical and Climatological Association

|July 4, 2008

Summary

Zoonoses, infections transmitted from animals to humans, are a permanent public health challenge. Unlike human-only diseases, zoonotic infections cannot be eradicated, necessitating ongoing management strategies.

Area of Science:

Veterinary Medicine
Public Health
Infectious Diseases

Background:

Zoonoses are diseases transmitted between animals and humans.
Emerging infectious diseases often originate as zoonoses.
Human-to-human transmission is typically limited in zoonotic infections, making humans 'dead-end' hosts.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight the significance of zoonoses as a persistent threat to human health.
To differentiate zoonotic diseases from those exclusively affecting humans regarding eradication potential.
To underscore the need for continuous management of zoonotic infections.

Main Methods:

Review of epidemiological data on emerging infectious diseases.
Comparative analysis of human-exclusive versus animal-to-human transmitted diseases.

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Literature review on disease eradication criteria and success factors.

Main Results:

Most emerging infections recognized recently are zoonotic in origin.
Diseases eradicated (e.g., smallpox) exclusively infected humans.
Zoonoses lack a human-only reservoir, preventing elimination.

Conclusions:

Zoonotic infections represent an un-erasable component of the global health landscape.
Effective control and prevention strategies are crucial for managing recurrent zoonotic disease outbreaks.
Understanding the animal-to-human transmission dynamic is key to long-term public health protection.