Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Lipid-Lowering Drugs: Statins and Miscellaneous Agents

Lipid-Lowering Drugs: Statins and Miscellaneous Agents

Hyperlipidemia, a medical condition often referred to as high cholesterol, is characterized by abnormally elevated levels of lipids in the bloodstream. When present in excess, these lipids, specifically cholesterol and triglycerides, can lead to serious health complications, often involving cardiovascular diseases. Illnesses like atherosclerosis, heart attacks, and pancreatitis have all been linked to untreated hyperlipidemia. This means controlling and regulating cholesterol and triglyceride...

Atherosclerosis III: Management

Atherosclerosis III: Management

Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...

Coronary Artery Disease V: Interprofessional Care

Coronary Artery Disease V: Interprofessional Care

Interprofessional care for coronary artery disease includes pharmacological therapy and revascularization procedures.Pharmacological therapy for Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) aims to manage symptoms, prevent complications, and improve patient outcomes through various classes of medications:Antiplatelet Agents:Aspirin and Clopidogrel: These medications inhibit platelet aggregation, preventing blood clots, which is crucial for avoiding heart attacks and strokes. Doctors often prescribe these...

Atherosclerosis IV: Nursing Management

Atherosclerosis IV: Nursing Management

Nursing management for a patient with arteriosclerosis involves a comprehensive approach focusing on lifestyle modification, disease monitoring, education, and symptomatic care. Here is an overview of effective nursing strategies:Assessment and Monitoring: Initial and ongoing assessments are crucial. Nurses must document the patient's medical history, including any hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and other cardiovascular diseases. Assessments also cover family history and lifestyle...

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Prostacyclin Receptor Agonists

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Prostacyclin Receptor Agonists

Prostacyclin receptor agonists are a class of therapeutic agents integral to managing pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). These drugs operate by mimicking the action of prostaglandin I2, or PGI2, a naturally occurring compound in the body.
These agonists bind to the IPR receptor situated on the plasma membrane of the pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. This binding triggers a cascade of reactions known as the GS-AC-cAMP-PKA pathway. This pathway results in the relaxation of smooth muscle...

Cholesterol: Significance and Regulation

Cholesterol: Significance and Regulation

Although not a source of energy, cholesterol plays a significant role as a foundational structure for bile salts, steroid hormones, and vitamin D, as well as being a crucial component of plasma membranes. Approximately 15% of blood cholesterol is derived from our diet, with the remainder synthesized from acetyl CoA by the liver and intestines. Cholesterol is eliminated from the body through its conversion into bile salts, which are eventually discarded in the feces.
Considering cholesterol and...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Transcatheter Tricuspid Valve Intervention Versus Optimal Medical Therapy in Symptomatic Tricuspid Regurgitation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized and Observational Studies.

The American journal of cardiology·2026

Same author

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 1&2 inhibitors in heart failure and diabetes mellitus: From foundational therapy to emerging frontiers.

The American journal of medicine·2026

Same author

Target-Dose Versus Below-Target-Dose ACE Inhibitors and Lower Risk of Kidney Failure in U.S. Veterans with HFrEF.

European journal of heart failure·2026

Same author

Serum Magnesium and Outcomes in U.S. Veterans with Heart Failure.

The American journal of medicine·2026

Same author

Oral magnesium and outcomes in US veterans with heart failure.

European heart journal·2025

Same author

Cardiovascular Outcomes and Efficacy of the PCSK9 Inhibitor Evolocumab in Individuals With Type 1 Diabetes: Insights From the FOURIER Trial.

Diabetes care·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

LDL Cholesterol Uptake Assay Using Live Cell Imaging Analysis with Cell Health Monitoring

LDL Cholesterol Uptake Assay Using Live Cell Imaging Analysis with Cell Health Monitoring

Published on: November 17, 2018

Expanding roles for atorvastatin.

Vibhuti Singh¹, Prakash Deedwania

¹University of South Florida, College of Medicine and Suncoast Cardiovascular Center, St Petersburg, FL, USA.

Drugs of Today (Barcelona, Spain : 1998)

|July 4, 2008

Summary

Aggressive lipid-lowering therapy, particularly with statins like atorvastatin, is crucial for secondary prevention in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Evidence supports lower low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol goals for high-risk individuals to reduce mortality and morbidity.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 4, 2026

LDL Cholesterol Uptake Assay Using Live Cell Imaging Analysis with Cell Health Monitoring

LDL Cholesterol Uptake Assay Using Live Cell Imaging Analysis with Cell Health Monitoring

Published on: November 17, 2018

Area of Science:

Cardiology
Preventive Medicine
Pharmacology

Background:

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity globally.
Survivors of acute myocardial infarction (MI) face significantly elevated risks of subsequent cardiovascular events and death.
Aggressive secondary prevention strategies are essential for managing the high-risk population with CAD.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the evidence supporting aggressive lipid-lowering therapy for secondary and primary prevention of cardiovascular events.
To discuss the role of statins, specifically atorvastatin, in achieving lower low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol goals.
To highlight newer indications for statin use in high-risk patients, including those with metabolic syndrome, diabetes, or renal insufficiency.

Main Methods:

Review of major clinical trials (e.g., TNT, 4S, CARDS, SPARCL, ASCOT-LAA) evaluating lipid-lowering therapies.
Analysis of National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Adult Treatment Panel (ATP) guidelines on LDL cholesterol targets.
Synthesis of evidence for statin efficacy in diverse high-risk patient populations.

Main Results:

NCEP-ATP guidelines recommend LDL cholesterol < 100 mg/dl for CAD patients, with an optional goal of < 70 mg/dl for very-high-risk individuals.
Clinical trial data support more intensive LDL cholesterol reduction than standard statin doses in patients with CAD and comorbidities.
Statin therapy, especially atorvastatin, is indicated for primary and secondary prevention in patients with risk factors like diabetes and hypertension, even with normal cholesterol levels.

Conclusions:

Intensified lipid management, aiming for lower LDL cholesterol levels, is warranted for secondary prevention in established CAD.
Statins, particularly atorvastatin, play a vital role in achieving these lower goals and reducing cardiovascular risk.
Expanded indications for statin therapy are emerging for primary prevention in individuals with multiple risk factors.