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Distinct monocyte gene-expression profiles in autoimmune diabetes
Roos C Padmos1, Nanette C Schloot, Huriya Beyan
1Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Diabetes
|July 5, 2008
Summary
Monocyte gene expression differs in autoimmune diabetes subtypes. Juvenile-onset type 1 diabetes shows distinct inflammatory profiles compared to latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) and adult-onset type 1 diabetes.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Endocrinology
- Genetics
Background:
- Monocytes in type 1 diabetes exhibit inconsistent proinflammatory activation and migration/adhesion disturbances.
- Autoimmune diabetes may involve distinct monocyte activation patterns across different patient subgroups.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate monocyte gene expression profiles in various forms of autoimmune diabetes.
- To test the hypothesis that monocytes are distinctly activated or disturbed in different subforms of autoimmune diabetes.
Main Methods:
- Quantitative PCR was used to analyze inflammatory gene expression in monocytes.
- Monocytes were studied from patients with juvenile-onset type 1 diabetes, adult-onset type 1 diabetes, latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA), and control subjects.
- Expression patterns of 25 selected genes related to inflammation and monocyte function were assessed.
Main Results:
- Two distinct monocyte gene expression clusters were identified in autoimmune diabetes.
- Cluster 1 (proinflammatory genes) was more prevalent in LADA and adult-onset type 1 diabetes than in juvenile-onset type 1 diabetes.
- Cluster 2 (chemotaxis, adhesion, metabolism genes) was more prevalent in juvenile-onset type 1 diabetes and LADA than in adult-onset type 1 diabetes.
Conclusions:
- Subgroups of type 1 diabetic patients display abnormal monocyte gene expression with two distinct profiles.
- These findings support heterogeneity in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diabetes.
- The observed monocyte profiles only partially overlap with current diagnostic categories.
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