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Related Concept Videos

Yeast Signaling01:28

Yeast Signaling

Yeasts are single-celled organisms, but unlike bacteria, they are eukaryotes (cells with a nucleus). Cell signaling in yeast is similar to signaling in other eukaryotic cells. A ligand, such as a protein or a small molecule released from a yeast cell, attaches to a receptor on the cell surface. The binding stimulates second-messenger kinases to activate or inactivate transcription factors that further regulate gene expression. Many of the yeast intracellular signaling cascades have similar...
Cross-reactivity00:42

Cross-reactivity

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Protein Engineering by Yeast Surface Display
05:49

Protein Engineering by Yeast Surface Display

Published on: November 29, 2024

Inducing efficient cross-priming using antigen-coated yeast particles.

Shanshan W Howland1, Takemasa Tsuji, Sacha Gnjatic

  • 1Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

Journal of Immunotherapy (Hagerstown, Md. : 1997)
|July 5, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study developed a novel yeast-based cancer vaccine strategy by site-specifically conjugating antigens to yeast cell walls. This method enhances antigen release and cross-presentation by dendritic cells (DCs) for improved cellular immunity.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae stimulates dendritic cells (DCs), making it a potential cancer vaccine platform.
  • Effective antigen cross-presentation by DCs is crucial for inducing cellular immunity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a yeast-based vaccine approach for improved antigen cross-presentation.
  • To create a site-specific antigen conjugation method for enhanced DC phagosomal release and cross-presentation.

Main Methods:

  • Antigen was produced separately and site-specifically conjugated to yeast cell walls using SNAP-tag technology.
  • Invariant chain ectodomain was used as a linker to expedite phagosomal antigen release via Cathepsin S cleavage.
  • Multilayer conjugation strategies and yeast hulls were employed to increase antigen dose.

Main Results:

  • Site-specific conjugation facilitated antigen release and cross-presentation, unlike nonsite-specific methods.
  • Increased antigen loading on yeast cells and hulls enhanced CD8 T cell cross-priming in vitro.
  • Yeast hulls with three antigen layers showed higher antigen-specific cell frequencies.

Conclusions:

  • A novel, cross-presentation-efficient antigen conjugation scheme for particulate vaccines was developed.
  • This yeast-based approach can be adapted for various particulate vaccine platforms.
  • The strategy holds promise for advancing cancer vaccine development.