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Duration of protection provided by live attenuated influenza vaccine in children

Christopher S Ambrose1, Tingting Yi, Robert E Walker

  • 1MedImmune, One MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA. ambrosec@medimmune.com

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|July 5, 2008
PubMed

Insights

Live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) offers sustained protection in children against flu. This vaccine provides meaningful efficacy through a second season, even without re-vaccination.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Vaccinology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Timely influenza vaccine availability before October is crucial for pediatric vaccination.
  • Live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) is a key tool in pediatric influenza prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze available data on the duration of protection offered by LAIV in children.
  • To evaluate the sustained efficacy of LAIV against various influenza strains in pediatric populations.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and analysis of four studies involving children aged 6 months to 18 years.
  • Assessment of culture-confirmed efficacy data for LAIV against influenza A (H1N1, H3N2) and B strains at various time points post-vaccination.

Main Results:

  • LAIV demonstrated high efficacy (77%-100%) against A/H1N1 and A/H3N2 strains at 9-12 months post-vaccination.
  • Efficacy against influenza B strains varied, with some studies showing high efficacy at 5-7 months (86%) but lower efficacy at 9-12 months (27%) during antigenic drift.
  • Meaningful protection persisted into a second influenza season without re-vaccination, though at reduced levels.

Conclusions:

  • LAIV provides sustained protection against influenza in children, particularly against antigenically similar strains.
  • Efficacy remains comparable between early (1-5 months) and later (9-12 months) time points for certain influenza A strains.
  • LAIV offers valuable protection through a second season, highlighting its potential for extended disease prevention in children.
Abstract

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