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Bioreactor Design and Operational System01:29

Bioreactor Design and Operational System

Bioreactors are engineered vessels designed to cultivate microorganisms under controlled conditions for industrial bioprocessing. They maintain sterility and allow precise regulation of pH, temperature, oxygen, and nutrient levels to optimize microbial growth and metabolite production. Bioreactors range from small laboratory units of 1 liter to industrial systems holding up to 500,000 liters, though only about 75% of their volume is actively used for fermentation. The remaining headspace...
Designing Growth Media for Bioreactors01:30

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Growth media provide essential nutrients that support cell growth and metabolism, thereby enhancing the yield of valuable products such as enzymes, antibiotics, and biomass. Designing an effective growth medium involves balancing all components to prevent nutrient limitations or toxic excesses, both of which can impair growth and reduce product yields.Composition of a Typical Growth MediumA typical growth medium contains carbon and nitrogen sources, salts, vitamins, trace elements, and...
Scale-Up Processes01:14

Scale-Up Processes

The scale-up of microbial fermentation processes is essential in industrial biotechnology, allowing the transition from laboratory-scale experiments to commercial-scale production while aiming to maintain product yield and quality. This process requires meticulous adjustment of equipment design, process parameters, and contamination control strategies to accommodate increasing culture volumes.At the laboratory scale, cultures are typically maintained in 1 to 10-liter glass or autoclavable...
Bioreactor Controls-II01:18

Bioreactor Controls-II

In aerobic fermentations, oxygen is vital for microbial growth and metabolite production. Since air comprises only about 20% oxygen and the gas is poorly soluble in water—just 9 ppm at 20°C—supplying sufficient oxygen becomes a critical challenge, especially in high-demand processes like yeast growth or citric acid production. Even a fully saturated broth may offer only a few seconds of oxygen availability.To address this, sterile or scrubbed air is introduced into the fermentor via a sparger...
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Continuous fermentation is a key strategy in industrial ethanol production, particularly when efficiency, scalability, and high yields are essential. This approach allows for uninterrupted operation and optimized resource utilization. The primary feedstock, corn starch, undergoes enzymatic hydrolysis facilitated by α-amylase and glucoamylase. These enzymes break down the starch into fermentable sugars such as glucose, which are readily assimilated by fermentative microorganisms.Fermentation...
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Updated: Jul 3, 2026

A Novel Bioreactor for High Density Cultivation of Diverse Microbial Communities
08:13

A Novel Bioreactor for High Density Cultivation of Diverse Microbial Communities

Published on: December 25, 2015

Modeling high-biomass-density cell recycle fermentors.

H G Monbouquette1

  • 1Chemical Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90024-1592, USA.

Biotechnology and Bioengineering
|March 5, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Intrinsic models are crucial for accurate multiphase system modeling when biomass volume is significant. Improper non-intrinsic models can miscalculate glucose concentration by over 60% in high-density yeast cultures.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemical Engineering
  • Biotechnology
  • Mathematical Modeling

Background:

  • Intrinsic models, accounting for cell volume fraction, are derived from the law of conservation of mass for multiphase systems.
  • Biomass occupying a significant volume fraction necessitates the use of intrinsic modeling approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To further analyze and compare intrinsic and non-intrinsic model predictions against experimental data from a high-density yeast recycle fermentor.
  • To highlight the discrepancies between intrinsic and non-intrinsic models in predicting key culture parameters.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of experimental data from a high-density yeast recycle fermentor.
  • Comparison of predictions from intrinsic and non-intrinsic modeling approaches.
  • Further analysis building upon the work of Jarzebski et al. (11).

Main Results:

  • The improper non-intrinsic model predicted a steady-state culture glucose concentration over 60% different from the intrinsic model at the optimal bleed stream flow rate.
  • Demonstrated significant inaccuracies in non-intrinsic models for high-density cultures.

Conclusions:

  • Intrinsic modeling is fundamentally correct and essential for accurate predictions in systems with significant biomass volume fraction.
  • A revised formulation for intrinsic ethanol mass balance has been presented, improving model accuracy.