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Related Concept Videos

The Micturition Reflex01:26

The Micturition Reflex

Urination, or micturition involves the coordination of the bladder's detrusor muscle and two sphincters to ensure controlled bladder emptying.
The process begins with bladder filling, where the bladder wall stretches as urine accumulates. This stretching activates the urine storage reflex, mediated by the sacral spinal segments and the pontine storage center. Efferent sympathetic impulses stimulate the detrusor muscle to relax and the internal urethral sphincter to contract, facilitating urine...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Urinary Bladder Distention Evoked Visceromotor Responses as a Model for Bladder Pain in Mice
11:46

Urinary Bladder Distention Evoked Visceromotor Responses as a Model for Bladder Pain in Mice

Published on: April 27, 2014

IB4 afferent sprouting contributes to bladder dysfunction in spinal rats.

N D T Zinck1, J W Downie

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.

Experimental Neurology
|July 8, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Nonpeptidergic isolectin-B4 (IB4) positive afferent sprouting contributes to bladder dysfunction following spinal cord transection (SCT). Targeting these IB4 afferents with IB4-saporin improved voiding efficiency in rats post-SCT.

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A Single Cell Dissociation Approach for Molecular Analysis of Urinary Bladder in the Mouse Following Spinal Cord Injury
09:50

A Single Cell Dissociation Approach for Molecular Analysis of Urinary Bladder in the Mouse Following Spinal Cord Injury

Published on: June 17, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Urinary Bladder Distention Evoked Visceromotor Responses as a Model for Bladder Pain in Mice
11:46

Urinary Bladder Distention Evoked Visceromotor Responses as a Model for Bladder Pain in Mice

Published on: April 27, 2014

A Single Cell Dissociation Approach for Molecular Analysis of Urinary Bladder in the Mouse Following Spinal Cord Injury
09:50

A Single Cell Dissociation Approach for Molecular Analysis of Urinary Bladder in the Mouse Following Spinal Cord Injury

Published on: June 17, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Urology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Spinal cord transection (SCT) often leads to significant bladder dysfunction.
  • Nonpeptidergic isolectin-B4 (IB4) positive primary afferents are implicated in sensory pathways but their role in post-SCT bladder issues is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of IB4-positive primary afferent sprouting in bladder dysfunction after SCT.
  • To determine if targeting IB4 afferents can ameliorate SCT-induced bladder dysfunction.

Main Methods:

  • Rats underwent T9/T10 spinal cord transection.
  • IB4-positive afferent sprouting and expression of Growth Associated Protein 43 (Gap-43) were assessed.
  • Intrathecal administration of IB4-saporin or saporin alone was used to target IB4 afferents.
  • Voiding efficiency and micturition pressure were measured.

Main Results:

  • IB4-positive afferent terminals increased in the spinal cord below the injury site post-SCT.
  • IB4-saporin treatment significantly reduced IB4 afferent labeling.
  • IB4-saporin treated rats showed improved voiding efficiency, with timing relative to micturition pressure changing over time.

Conclusions:

  • IB4-positive afferent sprouting is a key contributor to bladder dysfunction following spinal cord injury.
  • Targeting IB4 afferents with IB4-saporin demonstrates therapeutic potential for improving bladder function after SCT.