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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm

Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm

Published on: April 28, 2016

Implementation intentions facilitate prospective memory under high attention demands.

Mark A McDaniel¹, Daniel C Howard, Karin M Butler

¹Department of Psychology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA. mmcdanie@artsci.wustl.edu

Memory & Cognition

|July 9, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Implementation intentions, a planning technique, significantly boost prospective memory. This method ensures memory performance even under distraction, unlike standard instructions.

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Psychology
Behavioral Science

Background:

Prospective memory (remembering to perform intended actions) is crucial for daily functioning.
Implementation intentions are a planning strategy linking specific cues to intended actions.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effectiveness of implementation intentions in enhancing prospective memory.
To determine if implementation intentions maintain memory performance under attentional load.

Main Methods:

Two experiments were conducted with young adult participants.
Participants used either implementation intentions or standard instructions to remember future tasks.
Prospective memory and ongoing task performance were measured under varying attentional demands.

Main Results:

Implementation intentions significantly improved prospective memory compared to standard instructions.
Prospective memory performance remained high under demanding attentional conditions with implementation intentions.
No decline in ongoing task performance was observed with implementation intentions.

Conclusions:

Implementation intentions enhance prospective memory by creating robust cue-action associations.
This planning technique promotes reflexive triggering of intended actions.
The verbal component is essential for the effectiveness of implementation intentions.