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Teeth

Teeth

The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
In the bud stage, the tooth germ (an aggregation of cells) starts to form in the developing jawbone. During the cap stage, the tooth germ differentiates into enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac, which will later develop into the tooth's enamel, dentin and...

Tooth Anatomy

Tooth Anatomy

The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or grinding food.

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Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Systematic Assessment of Mammalian Skull Specimens for Dental and Temporomandibular Joint Pathology

Systematic Assessment of Mammalian Skull Specimens for Dental and Temporomandibular Joint Pathology

Published on: August 22, 2022

Supernumerary and supplemental teeth: case report.

G Lo Giudice¹, V Nigrone, A Longo

¹Department of Dentistry, University of Messina, Italy.

European Journal of Paediatric Dentistry

|July 9, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A ten-year-old experienced a numeric dental anomaly with extra teeth. Surgical extraction of supernumerary teeth allowed normal eruption of permanent teeth, improving function and aesthetics.

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Last Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Systematic Assessment of Mammalian Skull Specimens for Dental and Temporomandibular Joint Pathology

Systematic Assessment of Mammalian Skull Specimens for Dental and Temporomandibular Joint Pathology

Published on: August 22, 2022

Area of Science:

Dentistry
Oral Surgery
Orthodontics

Background:

Numeric dental anomalies, including supernumerary and supplemental teeth, present unique diagnostic and treatment challenges.
Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for managing complex dental anomalies in pediatric patients.

Observation:

A ten-year-old child presented with a numeric dental anomaly in the upper jaw, featuring two supplemental lateral incisors and an unerupted mesiodens.
The anomaly required a comprehensive evaluation involving dental history, clinical examination, and instrumental assessments.

Findings:

Surgical extraction of the supplemental lateral incisors and the unerupted mesiodens was performed.
A space maintainer was utilized to facilitate the eruption of permanent canines post-extraction.

Implications:

A combined surgical-orthodontic approach successfully managed the dental anomaly, enabling the physiologic eruption of permanent teeth.
This case highlights the importance of accurate diagnosis and tailored treatment plans to restore dental aesthetics and function in children.